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Tampa Drug Crimes Lawyer



Understanding Drug Crimes

Are you looking for a Drug Crimes defense attorney in Tampa Bay. Drug crimes are taken seriously in Tampa Bay and can result in severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment. These charges can range from possession and distribution to trafficking and manufacturing. In some cases, the severity of the charges can be influenced by the type of drug involved, the quantity, and the location of the offense.

Frequently Asked Questions About Drug Crime Defense in Tampa

What are the penalties for drug crimes in Florida?

Florida imposes severe penalties for drug crimes, including mandatory minimum sentences and hefty fines. The punishment varies based on the drug type, quantity, and offense.

What should I do if I’m arrested for a drug crime in Tampa?

If arrested, remain silent and request an attorney immediately. Anything you say can be used against you. Contact an experienced drug crimes lawyer as soon as possible.

What are the most common drug-related offenses in Tampa Bay?

Common charges include drug possession, drug trafficking, manufacturing, prescription fraud, and possession with intent to distribute.

How can a lawyer help defend against drug charges?

A skilled attorney can challenge the evidence, question the legality of search and seizure, argue entrapment, or negotiate plea deals to reduce penalties.

What are Florida’s mandatory minimum sentences for drug trafficking?

Florida Statute § 893.135 sets mandatory minimums, such as 3 years for certain drug quantities. More severe offenses can lead to life in prison.

Can drug charges be dismissed?

Yes, in some cases, charges can be dismissed due to procedural errors, lack of evidence, or unlawful search and seizure. A defense attorney can assess your case.

What factors determine the severity of drug charges?

The type and amount of the drug, prior convictions, and whether minors were involved all influence the severity of the charges.

What is the difference between drug possession and drug trafficking?

Possession refers to having illegal substances for personal use, while trafficking involves larger quantities and harsher penalties, even without intent to sell.

How does Florida classify controlled substances?

Florida categorizes drugs into schedules based on their potential for abuse, medical use, and addictive properties, which affect sentencing.

Why should I hire Casey the Lawyer for my drug case?

Casey Ebsary is a Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer with over 30 years of experience, a top peer rating, and a track record of successful defense strategies.


Highest Rated Tampa Lawyer Overview

Mr. Ebsary has been attorney of record in hundreds of felony and misdemeanor criminal cases. Casey is a Board Certified Expert and Specialist in criminal courts. He defends all types of criminal charges. He has represented clients in driving under the influence, driving while intoxicated (DUI/DWI) cases in many Florida counties. He is a former Assistant State Attorney and Prosecutor and a former Assistant Public Defender. He also has litigation experience including counterfeiting, driving under the influence, fraud, forgery, murder, money laundering, and theft.



One of the Best Criminal Lawyers

Frank G

Five Stars on Google

Summary

One of the best criminal lawyers

He was amazing and he took care of everything , throughout the entire process, Casey remained professional, approachable, and responsive.

He got my case dismissed 45 days before court date. He really is an outstanding lawyer.

I cannot recommend Casey enough to anyone in need of a highly competent and reliable attorney.

5

Mr. Ebsary also has received an AV Rating by the Martindale-Hubbell Law directory. This is their highest rating and shows that a lawyer has reached the height of professional excellence. He or she has usually practiced law for many years, and is recognized for the highest levels of skill and integrity.

Casey has litigation experience including murder, money laundering, fraud, forgery, counterfeiting, and theft. Mr. Ebsary’s expertise includes experience in high-tech litigation in information systems and international banking and currency transactions.

Lawyers.com, Avvo, and Martindale


Florida Drug Crimes Penalties

Warning: Florida Statute § 893.135 imposes severe consequences for drug offenses. The following table outlines mandatory minimum sentences and fines for various drug types. The penalties escalate for higher quantities, reaching up to 25 years in state prison. Engaging in illegal drug activities is not only detrimental to your health but also to your freedom. Be aware of the grave consequences and think twice before getting involved in drug-related offenses. Your choices have serious and frightening repercussions.

Drug TypeQuantity RangeMandatory Minimum SentenceFine
Marijuana25-2,000 pounds3 years in prison$25,000
Prescription Painkillers4-14 grams3 years in prison$50,000
Methamphetamine14-28 grams3 years in prison$50,000
Cocaine28-200 grams3 years in prison$50,000
LSD1-5 grams3 years in prison$50,000


Let us help you 813.222.2220

Learn More About Drug Crimes …

What are the chemical names used in the Florida Statutes and Drug Laws?


 

Drug Crime Defense Strategies

As a seasoned drug crimes defense attorney, Casey the Lawyer has developed several strategies for defending his clients against drug-related charges. Some of the most effective defense strategies include:

  • Challenging the evidence: In many cases, the prosecution’s case hinges on the evidence gathered by law enforcement. By challenging the admissibility of this evidence, a skilled attorney can weaken the prosecution’s case and potentially get the charges dismissed.
  • Questioning the search and seizure: Law enforcement officers must follow specific procedures when conducting searches and seizures. If these procedures are not followed correctly, any evidence gathered may be inadmissible in court.
  • Arguing entrapment: In some cases, law enforcement may use tactics to lure individuals into committing drug crimes that they would not have otherwise committed. An experienced attorney can argue that the individual was entrapped and should not be held accountable for their actions.

Why Choose Casey the Lawyer

Choosing the right attorney can make all the difference in the outcome of your case. When it comes to drug crimes defense, Casey the Lawyer has a reputation for being one of the best in the Tampa Bay area. Some of the reasons why clients choose Casey include:

  • Years of experience: Casey the Lawyer has been practicing law for over 30 years and has handled numerous drug crimes cases during that time. He understands the intricacies of these types of cases and knows how to build an effective defense strategy.
  • Personalized attention: Casey the Lawyer understands that every case is unique, and he takes the time to get to know his clients and their specific circumstances. He works closely with clients to develop a strategy that best meets their needs and goals.
  • Results-driven approach: Casey the Lawyer is committed to achieving the best possible outcome for his clients. Whether that means negotiating a plea deal or taking the case to trial, he is dedicated to protecting his clients’ rights and achieving a favorable outcome.

 

If you or someone you know is facing drug-related charges in Tampa Bay, don’t wait to seek out legal guidance. Casey the Lawyer is here to help. Contact his office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about how he can help defend you against these serious charges.

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Citations:

  • Florida Statute §893.13 – Drug Abuse Prevention and Control
  • Florida Bar Association – Criminal Law Section
  • American Bar Association – Criminal Justice Section

 

Tampa Drug Crimes Lawyer
Seek expert legal defense with a Tampa Drug Crimes Lawyer. Call 813-222-2220 for experienced representation in drug-related cases. Protect your rights today.

 


Drug Crimes in Tampa Bay: Understanding the Consequences

Drug crimes in Tampa Bay can have serious consequences, ranging from steep fines and probation to lengthy prison sentences. The severity of the punishment depends on the specifics of the crime and the type of drug involved.

In Florida, drug crimes fall under the state’s Drug Abuse Prevention and Control statutes, specifically Chapter 893. These laws set out the various offenses related to drug crimes and the associated penalties.

Some of the most common drug crimes in Tampa Bay include:

  • Possession of controlled substances: This offense involves possessing illegal drugs or prescription drugs without a valid prescription. Possession of controlled substances is a misdemeanor, but the severity of the charges depends on the quantity of drugs involved.
  • Drug trafficking: Drug trafficking involves the sale, purchase, manufacture, delivery, or possession of large quantities of illegal drugs. This offense carries a minimum mandatory sentence of three years in prison and up to life in prison, depending on the specifics of the case.
  • Drug manufacturing: This offense involves the production of illegal drugs, such as methamphetamine or cocaine. Drug manufacturing is a serious offense and carries significant penalties.
  • Prescription drug fraud: Prescription drug fraud involves obtaining prescription drugs through fraudulent means, such as by forging a prescription or using someone else’s prescription. This offense can result in severe penalties, including imprisonment.

Drug Crimes Defense Attorney in Tampa Bay: W.F. “Casey” Ebsary, Jr.

If you or someone you know has been charged with a drug crime in Tampa Bay, it’s essential to seek out the services of an experienced drug crimes defense attorney. W.F. “Casey” Ebsary, Jr. is a seasoned attorney who has represented countless individuals facing drug-related charges. His experience, knowledge, and dedication make him a top choice for those in need of legal guidance.

Casey the Lawyer understands that every case is unique and requires a personalized approach. He works closely with his clients to understand their specific circumstances and goals and develops a defense strategy that best meets their needs.

Some of the reasons why clients choose Casey the Lawyer include:

  • Dedication to achieving the best possible outcome: Casey the Lawyer is committed to protecting his clients’ rights and achieving the best possible outcome for their case. He has a track record of success and has helped many clients get their charges reduced or dismissed.
  • Extensive experience: Casey the Lawyer has been practicing law for over three decades and has a wealth of experience in drug crimes defense. He knows the ins and outs of these types of cases and understands how to build an effective defense strategy.
  • Personalized attention: Casey the Lawyer understands that facing drug-related charges can be overwhelming and stressful. He provides his clients with personalized attention and support throughout the legal process.

Contact Casey the Lawyer Today

If you or someone you know is facing drug-related charges in Tampa Bay, don’t wait to seek out legal guidance. Contact W.F. “Casey” Ebsary, Jr. today to schedule a consultation and learn more about how he can help defend you against these serious charges.

Let us help you 813.222.2220

 

Citations:

  • Plain Smell Probable Cause for DUI-Drug Arrests

    The End of ‘Plain Smell’ Justification: New Cannabis Ruling Alters Probable Cause for DUI-Drug Arrests

    A recent, transformative decision from the Second District Court of Appeal, Darrielle Ortiz Williams v. State of Florida, has dramatically shifted the legal landscape for cannabis-related cases in Florida. This ruling, which dismantled the “plain smell doctrine,” is a game-changer for anyone facing a DUI-Drug (DUID) charge based on cannabis in the Tampa Bay area.

    The foundation of the court’s decision is that legislative changes have made cannabis legal in multiple forms (medical marijuana, hemp), meaning the odor of cannabis is no longer immediately indicative of criminal activity. As a result, the court held that smell alone cannot provide probable cause to search a vehicle.

    For DUID cases, this creates an essential new line of defense. The State’s case against you for DUID is a two-part equation: first, that you possessed the drug, and second, that you were impaired by it. Often, in a cannabis DUID stop, the officer’s initial reason for searching the car and finding the drug was the smell alone. Now, if the initial search for the drug was illegal (based only on smell), the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine should apply to suppress the drug and any subsequent admissions.

    While judges in the case recognized the State’s compelling interest in removing impaired drivers from the road, the majority’s holding makes clear that this safety interest cannot override the fundamental protections of the Fourth Amendment. If you were stopped, searched, and arrested for DUID after the odor of cannabis was detected, your defense strategy must immediately incorporate this new, powerful precedent.

    The Dual Nature of Cannabis DUID Stops

    To understand the impact of Williams on DUID cases, it is critical to distinguish between the two separate legal standards at play during a cannabis-related traffic stop:

    1. Probable Cause to Search (for Possession): This relates to the officer’s right to search your vehicle for illegal drugs or contraband. This is the standard directly addressed by the Williams ruling. Post-Williams, the smell of cannabis alone is insufficient.
    2. Probable Cause to Arrest (for Impairment/DUI): This relates to the officer’s belief that you are operating a vehicle while your normal faculties are impaired. This is established through signs of impairment (erratic driving, slurred speech, poor performance on Field Sobriety Exercises, etc.).

    Before the Williams ruling, the two were often conflated to the detriment of the driver. An officer would smell cannabis (Probable Cause to Search), conduct a search, find the drug (Possession charge), and then use the subsequent finding of the drug, combined with some observable signs of impairment, to justify the DUI arrest.

    The new ruling separates these two inquiries entirely. An officer may have a valid basis for a DUID investigation (e.g., swerving across lane markers), but they no longer have an automatic basis to search the vehicle simply because they smell cannabis. This has enormous consequences for the evidence the State is allowed to use against you.

    How the “Poisonous Tree” Doctrine Kills DUID Cases

    The most significant legal weapon a DUI defense attorney has in the wake of Williams is the “fruit of the poisonous tree” doctrine, as discussed in the context of the Exclusionary Rule.

    In many DUID cases, the evidence is gathered in a specific sequence:

    • Phase 1: Traffic Stop: Officer observes a traffic infraction.
    • Phase 2: The Smell: Officer detects the odor of cannabis.
    • Phase 3: The Illegal Search (The Poisonous Tree): Officer uses the smell as the sole basis for searching the vehicle, claiming probable cause.
    • Phase 4: Evidence Found (The Fruit): Officer finds a bag of illegal marijuana, a vaporizer containing THC, or a pipe with illegal residue.
    • Phase 5: The DUI Arrest: The officer uses the physical evidence (the drug) plus their observations of impairment to complete the DUID probable cause affidavit.

    If the officer cannot articulate any factors beyond the smell to justify the Phase 3 search (which is now illegal), the search is deemed unconstitutional. When that happens, the physical drug evidence found in Phase 4 is suppressed. Without the physical evidence of the drug, the State’s ability to prove the “D” for Drug in the DUID charge is severely compromised, often leading to a dismissal or a significant reduction in charges.

    The ruling forces police to conduct a thorough impairment investigation first (Field Sobriety Exercises, DRE consultation) before resorting to a search, especially if the only initial indicator is smell.

    Probable Cause Paradox: Analyzing Judge Atkinson’s Concurrence

    To fully grasp the depth of the Williams ruling, a DUI defense lawyer must appreciate the concurring opinion by Judge Atkinson, which focuses on the logical flaw of the old rule.

    Judge Atkinson argued that the definition of “probable cause” is rooted in the concept that it is more likely than not that a crime has been committed. Given the legalization of hemp (which looks and smells identical to illegal cannabis) and medical marijuana, when an officer smells cannabis, the evidence is at “equipoise”—meaning the possibility that the source is legal is equal to the possibility that the source is illegal.

    In this state of equipoise, the officer cannot rationally conclude that it is “more likely than not” that they will find illegal contraband. Therefore, the probable cause standard cannot be met.

    This legal logic is devastating to the old doctrine. It means the issue isn’t just about technical legal changes; it’s about the fundamental impossibility of establishing probable cause when the evidence (the smell) points equally to a legal and an illegal conclusion. This argument provides a powerful tool for your DUI defense attorney to argue that the search was inherently unreasonable and unconstitutional.

    Building a DUID Defense in the Post-Williams Era

    The Williams ruling adds a crucial layer to the defense strategy for DUID cases. A comprehensive DUI defense now involves two major simultaneous challenges:

    Challenge 1: The Search and Seizure (The Fourth Amendment)

    This is the Williams Challenge. Your lawyer will aggressively file a Motion to Suppress, focusing exclusively on the circumstances leading up to the discovery of the drug. We will demand proof of all “additional factors” (beyond the smell) and use video evidence to dismantle the officer’s claims of erratic driving or furtive movements. If the search is suppressed, the DUID case is severely weakened or dismissed.

    Challenge 2: The Impairment Evidence (The DUI)

    Even if the search is deemed legal, or if the officer had enough evidence of impairment before the search, your lawyer will still challenge the State’s evidence of impairment. This involves:

    • Field Sobriety Exercises (FSEs): Challenging the officer’s instructions, the roadside conditions, your pre-existing medical conditions, and the officer’s scoring of your performance.
    • Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) Testimony: DRE evidence is often subjective and based on a 12-step protocol. We challenge the DRE’s training, the administration of the tests, and the final opinion on impairment.
    • Blood Test: Scrutinizing the chain of custody, lab procedures, and the specific THC levels, arguing that the mere presence of THC does not prove impairment at the time of driving.

    In short, the Williams ruling provides a vital, pre-trial method to eliminate evidence, while the traditional DUID defense challenges the core element of the crime: whether you were truly impaired while driving.

    Public Safety vs. Constitutional Rights: The Dissenting View

    It is important to acknowledge the dissenting views in the Williams case, particularly those that focused on the impact on public safety. The dissent argued that requiring additional factors beyond the smell of cannabis places an undue burden on police officers who are trying to prevent impaired driving.

    Judge Villanti, for example, noted the State’s compelling interest in ensuring drivers are not operating vehicles while impaired by cannabis. The fear expressed was that by eliminating the “plain smell” tool, the court was handcuffing officers and making it harder for them to remove impaired drivers from the road.

    While this public safety concern is understandable, the majority opinion correctly held that the desire for efficient law enforcement cannot override the clear command of the Fourth Amendment. The Constitution mandates probable cause; it does not promise law enforcement an easy path to a search. The decision clarifies that if public safety concerns are truly warranted, the officer is free to investigate impairment via standard FSEs and observation—they just cannot conduct an invasive search without more evidence than smell.

    Conclusion: Your Right to an Unimpaired Defense

    The Williams v. State ruling is a profound victory for Fourth Amendment protections that directly impacts how DUI-Drug cases involving cannabis will be defended in Tampa and across the Second District. The automatic link between the odor of cannabis and a vehicle search has been constitutionally severed.

    If you are facing a DUID charge, the key question your lawyer must answer is: Did the police have a legal basis to find the drug evidence used against me?

    At DUI2Go.com, we are ready to apply the Williams Challenge immediately to your case. We specialize in DUID defense, combining an aggressive challenge to the legality of the search with a rigorous defense against the State’s claims of impairment. Don’t let your case be built on the “fruit of a poisonous tree.”

    Contact us today for a confidential consultation. We will use this new, powerful legal precedent to ensure your rights are upheld and fight for the best possible resolution, including the dismissal of charges.

  • Florida Medical Marijuana and Firearm Rights: Legal Risks and Criminal Liability

    Florida’s medical marijuana laws provide important protections for qualified patients under Florida Statute § 381.986. However, even lawful patients face potential criminal liability if they unknowingly cross the line into prohibited conduct. Missteps involving firearms, employment, driving, or possession outside of legal guidelines can lead to criminal charges.

    At the Law Office of W.F. Casey Ebsary Jr., we help patients, families, and professionals navigate the complex intersection of medical marijuana and Florida’s criminal justice system.



    Key Legal Risks for Medical Marijuana Patients

    1. Firearm Possession

    Even if registered under Florida’s program, medical marijuana patients may face conflicts with firearm laws. Federal restrictions classify marijuana as a Schedule I drug, creating legal tension with Florida Statute § 790.23. Gun ownership and cannabis use can lead to serious consequences.

    2. Controlled Substances Violations

    Patients must strictly follow purchase and possession rules. Exceeding limits or transferring cannabis to others may result in charges under Florida Statutes.

    3. DUI and Operating Vehicles

    Driving under the influence of cannabis is treated similarly to alcohol-related DUI offenses. Patients accused of impaired driving face fines, license suspensions, and even jail.

    4. Employment and Background Checks

    Even lawful patients may face job-related consequences. Criminal charges, especially involving firearms or trafficking allegations, can complicate background checks and professional licensing.


    Why You Need a Florida Criminal Defense Lawyer

    As a Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer, W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. understands how state law, federal law, and medical cannabis regulations collide. With decades of courtroom experience, he has successfully defended patients, professionals, and families facing marijuana-related criminal allegations.


    Call to Action

    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    If you or a loved one faces criminal exposure related to Florida’s medical marijuana program, contact us immediately.
    📞 Call (813) 222-2220 or use our Contact Form to schedule a confidential consultation.



    Medical Marijuana, Firearm Rights and Criminal Liability

    Florida’s medical marijuana program has given thousands of patients access to treatment that improves their quality of life. Yet, patients who use medical marijuana face a serious and often overlooked issue: federal firearm restrictions under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) and (d)(3). These laws classify medical marijuana users—despite being legal under Florida law—as “unlawful users of controlled substances,” making it a federal crime to own, purchase, or even attempt to buy a firearm.

    Recent rulings have challenged the constitutionality of these laws, particularly after the U.S. Supreme Court’s Bruen (2022) and Rahimi (2024) decisions reshaped the Second Amendment framework. Florida courts are now grappling with whether medical marijuana patients should be treated like dangerous individuals or felons, or whether they should enjoy full constitutional rights without risking criminal liability.


    At the Law Office of W.F. Casey Ebsary Jr., we help clients navigate the complex intersection of Florida medical marijuana laws and federal firearms statutes. If you are a Florida patient who owns or wants to own a firearm, understanding your legal exposure is crucial.

    👉 Contact Casey today for immediate guidance.
    👉 Learn more about Casey, a Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer.


    The Federal Law at Issue

    • 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3): Makes it unlawful for any person “who is an unlawful user of or addicted to any controlled substance” to possess firearms or ammunition.
      Read § 922(g)(3) on Justia
    • 18 U.S.C. § 922(d)(3): Prohibits the sale or transfer of a firearm to anyone known to be an unlawful drug user.
      Read § 922(d)(3) on Justia

    Because marijuana remains a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act, Florida patients who lawfully use cannabis under state law are still considered unlawful users federally.


    Second Amendment Framework

    The current debate revolves around the Second Amendment and whether these firearm restrictions are constitutional. Several landmark Supreme Court cases control this area:

    CaseYearKey Holding
    District of Columbia v. Heller2008Recognized an individual right to possess firearms for self-defense.
    New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen2022Required courts to evaluate firearm laws based on historical tradition, not interest-balancing.
    United States v. Rahimi2024Clarified that the government need not show exact historical twins, only “relevantly similar” laws.

    The Florida medical marijuana case recently highlighted that comparing patients to felons or dangerous individuals may not be “relevantly similar” under Bruen and Rahimi. The Eleventh Circuit reversed the dismissal, giving medical marijuana patients a path forward to challenge firearm restrictions.


    Criminal Liability for Florida Medical Marijuana Patients

    Even if your marijuana use is legal under Florida Statute § 381.986 (Medical Use of Marijuana), firearm ownership creates federal risk. Violations of § 922(g)(3) can lead to:

    • Up to 10 years in federal prison
    • Fines up to $250,000
    • Permanent loss of firearm rights

    Read § 381.986 on Justia

    This creates a dangerous trap for patients who believe state legality shields them from federal prosecution.


    Table: Comparing Florida Medical Marijuana and Federal Laws

    IssueFlorida LawFederal Law
    Medical marijuana legal?Yes, with card under § 381.986No – marijuana is a Schedule I drug
    Firearm ownership for patients?Silent; no prohibition in state lawProhibited under § 922(g)(3)
    Penalty for violationNone at state levelUp to 10 years in prison

    Expanded Q&A: Florida Medical Marijuana and Firearms

    FAQ
    FAQ
    ❓ Can Florida medical marijuana patients legally buy guns?

    No. Even though Florida allows medical marijuana under § 381.986, federal law under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) prohibits firearm ownership by unlawful users of controlled substances. Gun dealers also require buyers to complete ATF Form 4473, which specifically asks about marijuana use. Answering “no” when you use marijuana can be prosecuted as perjury or making false statements.

    ❓ What did the Eleventh Circuit decide in the Florida case?

    The court ruled that medical marijuana patients cannot automatically be compared to felons or dangerous individuals—the analogues used by the government under the Bruen/Rahimi test. The case was sent back for further review, meaning the plaintiffs’ claims survived dismissal. This is a significant opening for future challenges to § 922(g)(3).

    ❓ What happens if I lie on the ATF firearm purchase form?

    If you answer “no” to marijuana use while being a lawful patient, you may face charges under 18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(1)(A) for making false statements, punishable by up to 5 years in prison.

    ❓ Can I be prosecuted in federal court just for owning a gun and having a Florida medical marijuana card?

    Yes. Even possession alone can violate § 922(g)(3). While prosecutions may be rare, the law remains enforceable, and federal agents have pursued cases when guns and marijuana are discovered together.

    ❓ Does the Bruen case mean Florida marijuana patients can now own guns?

    Not automatically. Bruen set the framework requiring the government to show historical analogues, but each case depends on how courts apply it. The Eleventh Circuit’s ruling only means that the government must try harder to justify the law; it did not outright legalize firearm possession for patients.

    ❓ Could the Supreme Court eventually strike down § 922(g)(3)?

    Possibly. The Court has signaled in Heller, Bruen, and Rahimi that firearm restrictions must be consistent with history. Since there were no Founding-era laws disarming people for lawful medicinal use of substances, the government’s argument may weaken. This could eventually lead to a nationwide ruling.

    ❓ Does having a medical marijuana card in Florida put me on a list for federal firearm bans?

    Yes. Florida’s registry of medical marijuana patients is not directly shared with the federal government, but if federal authorities obtain that information, it can be used against you. Gun dealers also cross-check purchase forms with federal law.

    ❓ What about recreational marijuana if it becomes legal in Florida?

    Recreational legalization would not change federal law. Unless marijuana is rescheduled or descheduled federally, all users—recreational or medical—remain prohibited from possessing firearms under § 922(g)(3).

    ❓ Are there any defenses to firearm charges for marijuana users?

    Yes. Possible defenses include: Challenging the constitutionality of § 922(g)(3) under Bruen/Rahimi. Arguing that marijuana use was not “current or ongoing.” Contesting the evidence connecting firearm possession with marijuana use. Each defense is fact-specific, and a board-certified criminal trial lawyer can evaluate your case.

    ❓ What should Florida patients do if they already own guns?

    Seek immediate legal advice. Disposing of firearms improperly could create liability, but continued possession risks federal prosecution. An experienced attorney can help you navigate the safest path forward.


    Table: Potential Defenses for Patients Charged Under § 922(g)(3)

    Defense StrategyLegal BasisStrength
    Challenge constitutionalityBruen / Rahimi frameworkStrong but unsettled
    Marijuana use not currentStatutory interpretation of “user”Moderate
    Evidence suppression4th Amendment violationsCase-dependent
    No nexus between use & possessionLack of proof of unlawful useWeak to moderate

    Practical Guidance for Florida Medical Marijuana Patients

    1. Be honest on ATF forms – False statements create separate crimes.
    2. Consult an attorney before firearm purchases – Criminal exposure is real.
    3. Follow both state and federal law – Florida may allow marijuana, but federal courts have the final say on firearms.
    4. Stay updated on case law – The legal landscape is shifting rapidly.
    5. Seek legal defense immediately if charged – Early intervention can shape outcomes.

    Call to Action

    The intersection of Florida medical marijuana laws and federal firearm prohibitions is one of the most complex and evolving areas of criminal law. Patients face serious consequences if they misstep, even when they believe they are following Florida law.

    If you are a Florida medical marijuana patient concerned about your firearm rights, do not wait until charges are filed.

    📞 Contact Casey today for a confidential consultation.
    👤 Learn more about Casey, Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer.


  • Top Three Things That Anger Prosecutors in Drug Cases

    Prosecutors in drug cases have great discretion when it comes to filing, adding, reducing, or even dismissing criminal charges. This prosecutorial discretion gives prosecutors the ability to negotiate with a vast amount of tools. The negotiated plea offer, therefore, is one of the most prevalent and important tools to the State. We know that a defendant never wants a prosecutor to begin negotiations with: “We want the maximum sentence!” So here is a list of the top three things that anger prosecutors and what we can do to help:

    1. Serious Charges

    The defendant who is charged with a “serious” offense starts off on the wrong side of the prosecutor. Most notably, cases that involve minors as victims, death or serious bodily injury to others, and high levels of fraud or theft have prosecutors seeing red. Because of the serious nature of these charges, prosecutors will often typecast a defendant and ignore anything remotely positive or good about them.

    What we can do:
    Our firm always approaches each case with great attention to detail. We will look for ways to dismiss the charges when legally justified—such as statute of limitations issues, immunity, or double jeopardy. If dismissal is not possible, we pursue lesser included charges or prepare to fight in court with a well-crafted trial strategy.

    2. New Charges While a Case is Pending

    No matter the severity of a crime, prosecutors get downright Hulk-like if a defendant is charged with a new offense while on pre-trial release. When this happens, prosecutors often file a motion to revoke bond and typically increase the severity of their plea offer. The new charges signal to prosecutors that the defendant is not taking their case seriously.

    What we can do:
    We can challenge the basis of the new arrest or seek to reinstate bond if it was revoked. Our firm will evaluate all possible defenses to the new charge and may negotiate a wraparound plea deal. The goal is to minimize exposure and avoid stacking penalties across multiple cases.

    3. Failures to Appear

    There have been times when I’ve shown up to court but my client did not. This relatively minor act makes prosecutors’ blood boil. A failure to appear can result in an additional criminal charge and weaken the defendant’s negotiating position. A prosecutor may double down on their sentence recommendation or oppose any further leniency.

    What we can do:
    We will advocate for you in court and explain any mitigating reasons for your absence—car trouble, illness, or miscommunication. If a capias (arrest warrant) is issued, we’ll file a motion to withdraw it to help avoid jail time. Our goal is to keep you out of custody and your case on track.


    If you’re facing drug charges in Florida, every move matters—especially when prosecutors are already on edge. I’m W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., a Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer with decades of experience defending clients in high-stakes cases. Don’t give the State any extra ammunition. Call me today at 813-222-2220, read more about my credentials, or send a confidential message here. Let’s take action before the prosecution does.


    🎥3 Mistakes That Make Prosecutors Furious in Drug Cases 🚨 | Florida Criminal Defense Attorney Explains

    Avoid the top 3 things that instantly anger prosecutors in Florida drug cases. Criminal Defense Attorney W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. breaks down what not to do if you’re facing drug charges—and how to protect your freedom. Learn more at https://drug2go.com/

    ❓ Frequently Asked Questions

    Florida Drug Laws: Expert FAQs Drug Cases
    Florida Drug Laws: Expert FAQs
    Why do prosecutors get angry when new charges are filed during pretrial release?

    When a defendant is arrested again while already out on bond, prosecutors may view it as a sign that the person is disregarding the court process. This often results in a revoked bond and a harsher plea offer. Prosecutors may also feel embarrassed or pressured if they previously recommended leniency. Contact our office quickly if you’re facing this issue so we can take immediate legal action.

    What happens if I miss a court date in my drug case?

    Missing a court date can trigger a warrant for your arrest and, in some cases, result in a new criminal charge for Failure to Appear. Prosecutors see this as a disrespectful act, which often increases the severity of any plea deal. However, if the failure was accidental or unavoidable, we can often file a motion to withdraw the warrant. Learn how Attorney Casey Ebsary handles these situations.

    Can a drug case be dismissed if the evidence was obtained illegally?

    Yes. If the police obtained evidence through an unlawful search or seizure, we can file a motion to suppress. If successful, the State may not have enough remaining evidence to continue prosecuting the case. This is one of many ways our firm protects your constitutional rights in court.

    Do prosecutors have to offer me a plea deal in my drug case?

    No, prosecutors are not legally required to offer a plea deal, but most do because trials are time-consuming and costly. The nature of the charges and your criminal history will heavily influence the offer. A strong legal defense can improve your negotiation position. Schedule a consultation with Casey the Lawyer to learn how we negotiate.

    Will prosecutors treat me differently if my charge involves fentanyl or opioids?

    Yes. Drug cases involving fentanyl, heroin, or synthetic opioids tend to anger prosecutors more due to the ongoing overdose crisis. These substances carry severe mandatory minimums in Florida. We explore every avenue—from constitutional defenses to diversion eligibility—to protect your future and freedom.

    What if this is my first drug offense—will I still make prosecutors mad?

    First-time offenders are less likely to face an angry prosecutor, especially if the charges are minor. However, behavior like failing to appear in court or getting re-arrested can quickly turn a manageable case into a difficult one. That’s why proactive legal representation is critical. Reach out today before your situation escalates.

    Why do prosecutors get upset by “serious charges”?

    Prosecutors are often under pressure when handling serious charges such as drug trafficking, overdoses resulting in death, or cases involving minors. These offenses carry mandatory minimums and generate public scrutiny, which can limit the prosecutor’s flexibility in negotiations. As a result, they may approach the case more aggressively and refuse to consider diversion or reductions. Our firm knows how to challenge the evidence, highlight your personal background, and shift the focus toward a fair resolution—learn more here.

    What is a “wrap offer,” and why would it help if I have multiple drug charges?

    A wrap offer is a plea deal that resolves all pending charges in one agreement, often allowing a more favorable sentence than if the cases were handled separately. Prosecutors may offer these to streamline the court calendar or to avoid the risk of losing at trial. When properly negotiated, wrap deals can reduce jail time, consolidate probation, and avoid mandatory minimums. Contact us to see if this strategy could help your case.

    Is it better to explain myself directly to the prosecutor?

    No, speaking directly to a prosecutor without legal counsel is risky and can make things worse. Prosecutors are trained to listen for admissions and may become irritated if they believe you are minimizing the charges or evading responsibility. Your attorney knows what to say, how to say it, and when to push back or seek a better offer. Let Casey the Lawyer do the talking for you.

    How can your firm help calm down an angry prosecutor?

    We know how to defuse prosecutorial frustration by staying professional, presenting strong legal defenses, and offering strategic alternatives. Our experience shows that even hostile prosecutors can be persuaded with the right mix of facts, law, and diplomacy. Whether it’s clarifying a misunderstanding or showing why harsh punishment is unnecessary, we aim to shift the case back toward fairness and resolution. Reach out now so we can start building your defense.


    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online Drug Cases contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).


    When prosecutors are angry, they push harder for the harshest penalties—but with the right defense, you can shift the momentum in your favor. Whether you’ve missed court, picked up new charges, or are facing serious allegations, we know how to manage the damage and protect your record. Don’t wait until it’s too late—contact me now or call 813-222-2220 to set up a free consultation. You can also learn more about my experience and courtroom credentials here. Let’s start building your defense today.

  • DRUG3912 TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS 4 TO 14 GRAMS

    Trafficking in Illegal Drugs (4 to 14 Grams) – Florida Statute 893.135(1)(c) – Charge Code DRUG3912

    Charged with Drug Trafficking in Florida? A conviction for Trafficking in Illegal Drugs (4 to 14 grams) under Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(c) DRUG3912 carries a mandatory minimum prison sentence of 3 years and a $50,000 fine — even if you never intended to sell or distribute the drugs. If you’ve been arrested for this serious felony charge, it’s time to speak with a knowledgeable criminal defense attorney who understands Florida’s complex drug laws.


    Florida’s DRUG3912 Charge Explained

    • Charge Code: DRUG3912
    • Statute: Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(c)
    • Offense: Trafficking in Illegal Drugs (4 to 14 grams)
    • Felony Level: First-Degree Felony
    • Jurisdiction: Commonly charged in Hillsborough County and throughout Florida

    What Is Considered “Trafficking” Under Florida Law?

    In Florida, trafficking isn’t just about selling drugs. You can be charged with trafficking simply for possessing a minimum quantity of specific controlled substances.

    For opiates and opioid derivatives, the law sets the trafficking threshold at just 4 grams. This includes:

    • Oxycodone (OxyContin, Percocet)
    • Hydrocodone (Vicodin, Norco)
    • Heroin
    • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
    • Morphine
    • Opium and its derivatives
    • Fentanyl and analogs

    Even if the substance is mixed with fillers, Florida law considers the total weight of the mixture, not just the pure drug.

    Special Focus: Fentanyl and Its Impact on Drug Trafficking Cases

    Fentanyl is an especially dangerous drug and a primary target under Florida’s trafficking laws due to its potency and the lethal risk it poses. Even small amounts of fentanyl or its analogs can easily exceed the 4-gram trafficking threshold. Additionally, fentanyl mixtures (like counterfeit pills) often lead to unintentional trafficking charges, even if you were unaware of the presence of fentanyl.

    Fentanyl-related Trafficking Penalties

    If you are caught trafficking fentanyl, the penalties are the same as for other drugs, but the seriousness of the offense is heightened. The presence of fentanyl often leads to heightened scrutiny, especially if the trafficking leads to harm or death.

    Common Controlled Substances Under DRUG3912

    Florida law targets various illegal drugs under the trafficking statute. Common substances associated with DRUG3912 charges include:

    Even if a substance contains a mixture of these drugs, it’s the total weight that determines the charge, not the concentration of the active ingredient.


    Penalties for Drug Trafficking (4 to 14 Grams) in Florida

    Florida law imposes mandatory minimum sentences based on the weight of the controlled substance involved. Here’s how that breaks down:

    Mandatory Minimum Sentences Under § 893.135(1)(c)

    Weight of DrugMandatory Prison SentenceMinimum Fine
    4 to <14 grams3 years$50,000
    14 to <28 grams15 years$100,000
    28 grams to <30 kg25 years$500,000
    30 kg or moreLife in Prison (No parole)$500,000

    🛑 Judges have no discretion to go below these minimums unless you qualify for a legal exception, such as substantial assistance to law enforcement.


    Elements the State Must Prove

    To convict you under Florida Statute 893.135(1)(c), prosecutors must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that you:

    1. Knowingly:
      • Sold,
      • Purchased,
      • Manufactured,
      • Delivered,
      • Brought into Florida, or
      • Possessed
    2. A controlled substance listed in the statute (such as heroin, hydrocodone, or oxycodone)
    3. In a quantity of 4 grams or more (up to 14 grams)
    4. With knowledge of the substance’s illicit nature

    ✅ Even without direct proof of a sale, simply possessing 4 grams or more of certain drugs can result in trafficking charges.


    Understanding Possession: Actual vs. Constructive

    There are two primary forms of drug possession in Florida law:

    Actual Possession

    • The drug is on your person (in your pocket, purse, etc.), or
    • Within your immediate control (e.g., under your car seat)

    Constructive Possession

    • The drug is in a place you control (like your house or glovebox), and
    • Prosecutors must prove you knew it was there and had control over it

    Constructive possession cases can be successfully challenged with the help of a seasoned attorney.


    Legal Definitions You Need to Know

    Understanding how Florida defines certain terms is critical:

    • Sell – Exchange for money or something of value
    • Purchase – Acquire by paying money or other value
    • Manufacture – Produce, prepare, or package a controlled substance
    • Deliver – Actual or attempted transfer of a substance
    • Possess – Exercise of control over a substance, even without ownership

    Top 5 Defenses to Florida Drug Trafficking Charges

    1. Lack of Knowledge
      You didn’t know the substance was present or illegal. Especially powerful in constructive possession cases.
    2. Unlawful Search or Seizure
      Evidence obtained through unconstitutional searches may be suppressed.
    3. Entrapment
      You were persuaded or tricked into committing the offense by law enforcement.
    4. Insufficient Evidence of Weight
      The total mixture must exceed 4 grams. Lab errors or flawed weighing can be challenged.
    5. Chain of Custody Issues
      Mishandling or improper documentation of the seized drugs can result in suppression of evidence.

    Frequently Asked Questions About DRUG3912 – Trafficking in Illegal Drugs (4 to 14 Grams)

    FAQ
    FAQ
    What does DRUG3912 mean under Florida law?

    DRUG3912 is the Florida offense code for Trafficking in Illegal Drugs where the total weight is 4 grams or more but less than 14 grams. This typically involves opioids like heroin, oxycodone, or hydrocodone. The charge is a first-degree felony and comes with a mandatory minimum of 3 years in prison and a $50,000 fine. Even if you didn’t intend to sell the drug, you can still be charged based on weight alone.

    Can I be charged with trafficking just for having pills or a small amount?

    Yes. In Florida, drug trafficking charges are based on the total weight of the substance, including any fillers or inactive ingredients. For example, having just a few opioid pills can easily exceed 4 grams. This means even a person struggling with addiction — not selling — can face severe prison time.

    Is intent to sell required for a trafficking charge in Florida?

    No. Intent is not required for a trafficking charge under Florida Statute 893.135(1)(c). Simply possessing the threshold amount (4 grams or more) is enough to trigger a trafficking charge. That’s why people are often surprised to face such serious penalties for simple possession.

    What is the mandatory minimum sentence for DRUG3912?

    The mandatory minimum for DRUG3912 is 3 years in Florida State Prison and a $50,000 fine. Judges have no discretion to go below this sentence unless the defendant provides “substantial assistance” to law enforcement. Without such cooperation, the sentence is automatic upon conviction.

    Can the weight be challenged in court?

    Yes. Your attorney can challenge the lab testing procedures or argue that the mixture included legal substances that should not count toward the total weight. Mistakes in weighing or improper evidence handling could reduce or dismiss the charge. Every gram matters in trafficking cases.

    What if the drugs weren’t mine or I didn’t know they were there?

    This is a common and powerful defense. If the drugs were found in a shared space — like a car or apartment — prosecutors must prove you had knowledge and control of them. If they cannot, the case may be dismissed due to insufficient evidence of possession.

    Can the police search my car or home without a warrant?

    Only under certain circumstances. If law enforcement violates your Fourth Amendment rights, your attorney can file a motion to suppress the evidence. Illegal searches are a leading reason trafficking charges get dropped or reduced.

    What is substantial assistance and can it reduce my sentence?

    Substantial assistance means helping law enforcement catch other drug traffickers. If you qualify and the State agrees, your sentence can be reduced below the mandatory minimum. However, this option carries serious risks and should only be pursued with a lawyer’s advice.

    Can I get drug court or probation instead of prison?

    Not usually for DRUG3912. Because of the mandatory minimum sentence, drug court and probation are generally not available unless the charge is reduced or you provide substantial assistance. An experienced attorney may be able to negotiate a lesser charge like possession.

    What should I do right now if I’ve been charged with trafficking?

    Call an experienced criminal defense lawyer immediately. Do not speak to law enforcement without legal representation. Your attorney can review the legality of the search, examine the evidence, and begin building a defense to avoid harsh mandatory sentencing.

    Why Hire W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr.?

    Attorney W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. is a Board-Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer based in Tampa, Florida. With decades of experience and a deep knowledge of Florida’s drug laws, he defends clients charged with serious felonies — including trafficking under DRUG3912.

    🔹 What You Get:

    • Aggressive representation in court
    • A thorough review of search and seizure legality
    • Experience negotiating with prosecutors and challenging mandatory minimums
    • Personal, one-on-one attention from an experienced litigator

    Contact Us Now for a Free Case Review

    Facing a trafficking charge can upend your life. Don’t fight it alone.

    📍 Law Office of W.F. Casey Ebsary Jr.
    📞 Call Now: (813) 222-2220 or 1-877-793-9290

    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    Original Post from 2018 Updated Above to 2025

    Drug Trafficking

    Trafficking 4 to 14 Grams
    Morphine, Opium,
    Oxycodone,
    Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone 
    “shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 3 years”

     

    If you have been charged with DRUG3912 TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS 4 TO 14 GRAMS you can call a Tampa Criminal Defense Attorney for FREE at 813-222-2220 to fight for you or a friend.
    Trafficking drugs under Florida is based upon the weight of the substance, not the actual conduct of the person who has been charged. The crime can be committed even if no drugs were actually sold to anyone. The mere possession of a scheduled compound, in the requisite amount can generate a charge of drug trafficking.
     
    “Constructive possession means the controlled substance is 
    in a place over which the (defendant) has control, 
    or in which the (defendant) has concealed it.”

    Form Code: DRUG3912

    Florida Statute: 893.135.1C1A
    Level: Fel (Felony)
    Degree: 1st

    Description: TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS 4 TO 14 GRAMS
    Trafficking 4 to 14 Grams Morphine, Opium, 
    Oxycodone, Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone


    DRUG3912 TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS 4 TO 14 GRAMS is often charged in Hillsborough County, Florida.

    Chapter 893 DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    893.135 Trafficking; mandatory sentences; suspension or reduction of sentences; conspiracy to engage in trafficking.

    (1) Except as authorized in this chapter or in chapter 499 and notwithstanding the provisions of s. 893.13:

    (c)1. Any person who knowingly sells, purchases, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 4 grams or more of any morphine, opium, oxycodone, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, or any salt, derivative, isomer, or salt of an isomer thereof, including heroin, as described in s. 893.03(1)(b), (2)(a), (3)(c)3., or (3)(c)4., or 4 grams or more of any mixture containing any such substance, but less than 30 kilograms of such substance or mixture, commits a felony of the first degree, which felony shall be known as “trafficking in illegal drugs,” punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. If the quantity involved:

    a. Is 4 grams or more, but less than 14 grams, such person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 3 years, and the defendant shall be ordered to pay a fine of $50,000.


    “To prove the crime of Trafficking in Illegal Drugs, the State must prove . . .”



    Florida Jury Instruction on TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS

    § 893.135(1)(c), Fla. Stat.
     
                Certain drugs and chemical substances are by law known as “controlled substances.” (Specific substance alleged) or any mixture containing (specific substance alleged) is a controlled substance.
     
                To prove the crime of Trafficking in Illegal Drugs, the State must prove the following four elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
     
                1.         (Defendant) knowingly
     
                                        [sold]
                                        [purchased]
                                        [manufactured]
                                        [delivered]
                                        [brought into Florida]
                                        [possessed]
     
                            a certain substance.
     
    2.         The substance was [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)] [a mixture containing [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [herion] [(specific substance alleged)]].
     
    3.         The quantity of the substance involved was 4 grams or more.
     
                See State v. Dominguez, 509 So. 2d 917 (Fla. 1987).
    4.         (Defendant) knew that the substance was [[morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)] [a mixture containing [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)]].
     
                If applicable under the facts of the case and pursuant to § 893.135(2), Fla. Stat., the following bracketed language should be given instead of element 4 above.  For example, if it is alleged that the defendant intended to sell heroin but actually sold (specific substance alleged), the alternate element 4 would be given.
    [4.        (Defendant) intended to [sell] [purchase] [manufacture] [deliver] [bring into Florida] [possess] (an enumerated controlled substance in § 893.135(1), Fla. Stat.), but actually [sold] [purchased] [manufactured] [delivered] [brought into Florida] [possessed] (specific substance alleged) or a mixture containing (specific substance alleged).]
     
                Definitions.  Give as applicable.
                Sell.
                “Sell” means to transfer or deliver something to another person in exchange for money or something of value or a promise of money or something of value.
     
                Manufacture.  § 893.02(13)(a), Fla. Stat.
                “Manufacture” means the production, preparation, packaging, labeling or relabeling, propagation, compounding, cultivating, growing, conversion or processing of a controlled substance, either directly or indirectly.  Manufacturing can be by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis. It can also be by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis.
     
                Deliver.  § 893.02(5), Fla. Stat.
                “Deliver” or “delivery” means the actual, constructive, or attempted transfer from one person to another of a controlled substance, whether or not there is an agency relationship.
     
                Possession.
                To “possess” means to have personal charge of or exercise the right of ownership, management, or control over the thing possessed.
     
                Possession may be actual or constructive.
     
                Actual possession means:
     
    a.         The controlled substance is in the hand of or on the person, or
     
    b.         The controlled substance is in a container in the hand of or on the person, or
     
    c.         The controlled substance is so close as to be within ready reach and is under the control of the person.
     
                Give if applicable.
                Mere proximity to a controlled substance is not sufficient to establish control over that controlled substance when it is not in a place over which the person has control.
     
                Constructive possession means the controlled substance is in a place over which the (defendant) has control, or in which the (defendant) has concealed it.
     
                In order to establish constructive possession of a controlled substance if the controlled substance is in a place over which the (defendant) does not have control, the State must prove the (defendant’s) (1) control over the controlled substance and (2) knowledge that the controlled substance was within the (defendant’s) presence.
     
                Possession may be joint, that is, two or more persons may jointly possess an article, exercising control over it. In that case, each of those persons is considered to be in possession of that article.
     
                If a person has exclusive possession of a controlled substance, knowledge of its presence may be inferred or assumed.
     
                If a person does not have exclusive possession of a controlled substance, knowledge of its presence may not be inferred or assumed.
     
                Knowledge of the illicit nature of the controlled substance.  Give if applicable.  § 893.101(2) and (3), Fla. Stat.
                Knowledge of the illicit nature of the controlled substance is not an element of the offense of (insert name of offense charged).  Lack of knowledge of the illicit nature of a controlled substance is an affirmative defense.  (Defendant) has raised this affirmative defense.  However, you are permitted to presume that (defendant) was aware of the illicit nature of the controlled substance if you find that (defendant) was in actual or constructive possession of the controlled substance.
     
                If from the evidence you are convinced that (defendant) knew of the illicit nature of the controlled substance, and all of the elements of the charge have been proved, you should find (defendant) guilty.
     
                If you have a reasonable doubt on the question of whether (defendant) knew of the illicit nature of the controlled substance, you should find (defendant) not guilty.
     
                See State v. Weller, 590 So. 2d 923 (Fla. 1991).
                If you find the defendant guilty of Trafficking in Illegal Drugs, you must further determine by your verdict whether the State has proved beyond a reasonable doubt that:
     
                Enhanced penalty.  Give if applicable up to extent of charge.
    a.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 4 grams or more but less than 14 grams.]
     
    b.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 14 grams or more but less than 28 grams.]
     
    c.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 28 grams or more but less than 30 kilograms.]
     
    d.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 30 kilograms or more.]
     
    Lesser Included Offenses
     
    TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS — 893.135(1)(c)1 and 2
    CATEGORY ONE
    CATEGORY TWO
    FLA. STAT.
    INS. NO.
    Trafficking offenses requiring lower quantities of illegal drugs
     
    893.135(1)(c)1
    25.11
     
    Attempt (but not conspiracy), except when delivery is charged
    777.04(1)
    5.1
     
    If sale, manufacture or delivery is charged
    893.13(1)(a)
    25.2
     
    If purchase is charged
    893.13(2)(a)
     
     
    Bringing same illegal drug as charged into state
    893.13(5)
     
     
    Possession of same illegal drug
    893.13(6)(a)
     
     
    Comment
     
    This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 1985 [477 So. 2d 985], 1987 [509 So. 2d 917], 1989 [543 So. 2d 1205], 1997 [697 So. 2d 84], and 2007 [969 So. 2d 245].  See also SC03-629 [869 So. 2d 1205 (Fla. 2004)].
  • Federal Drug Crime Defense Lawyer

    Arrested for a Federal Drug Crime? We Can Help.

    If you’ve been charged under USCA0003 for Manufacture, Distribution, Dispensing, or Possession of a Controlled Substance under 21 U.S.C. § 841, you’re facing serious federal charges. This statute covers a wide range of illegal drug activities, and penalties can include long prison sentences, hefty fines, and asset forfeiture. Understanding the specifics of this charge is crucial for building a strong defense. Contact the Law Office of W F Casey Ebsary Jr. to learn how we can help protect your rights and fight these charges effectively.

    If you or a loved one is facing federal drug charges, you are at risk of severe penalties—including lengthy prison sentences, massive fines, and asset forfeiture. Federal prosecutors pursue drug offenses aggressively under the Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 841–865.
    You need a skilled federal criminal defense attorney who knows how to fight back.

    At Law Office of W F Casey Ebsary Jr, we have the experience, knowledge, and resources to stand between you and the full force of the federal government.



    What Does the Charge Code “Manufacture, Dist, Dispense, Possess Con Sub- Fed USCA0003 021.841” Mean?

    If you’ve been charged with Manufacture, Distribution, Dispensing, or Possession of a Controlled Substance (Federal) under the USCA0003 code and 21 U.S.C. § 841, here’s what it means:

    • Manufacture, Distribution, Dispensing, or Possession: This code covers a broad range of illegal drug activities. It could involve:
      • Manufacturing controlled substances (e.g., creating or producing illegal drugs).
      • Distributing controlled substances (e.g., selling or giving drugs to others).
      • Dispensing controlled substances (e.g., distributing drugs unlawfully).
      • Possessing controlled substances with the intent to distribute or sell them.
    • Controlled Substances: These are drugs classified under federal law as illegal or controlled. It can include narcotics, prescription drugs, or other illicit substances.
    • Federal Law (21 U.S.C. § 841): Under 21 U.S.C. § 841, the federal government regulates the possession, manufacture, and distribution of controlled substances. If you’re facing charges under this statute, it typically means the alleged crime has a federal aspect, such as crossing state lines, involving federal property, or dealing in large quantities of drugs.

    What Are the Penalties for 21 U.S.C. § 841?

    USCA0003 Penalties for Federal Drug Crime

    The penalties for violating 21 U.S.C. § 841 are severe and depend on the type of drug involved and the quantity. Some penalties include:

    Drug TypePenalty
    Schedule I or II drugs5 to life in prison
    Marijuana (1,000 kg or more)10 years to life (mandatory minimums)
    Other controlled substancesUp to 40 years in prison

    There can also be fines and asset forfeiture, depending on the amount and nature of the drug involved.


    What Should You Do if Charged?

    If you’re facing a charge under 21 U.S.C. § 841, you need an experienced federal drug defense lawyer. The Law Office of W F Casey Ebsary Jr. is here to defend your rights and explore all possible defenses, including challenging evidence, negotiating plea deals, or seeking case dismissal.


    Contact us today for a confidential consultation, and let’s work on defending your future.


    Common Federal Drug Crimes We Defend

    • Drug Trafficking (21 U.S.C. § 841): Manufacturing, distributing, or possessing with intent to distribute controlled substances.
    • Drug Conspiracy (21 U.S.C. § 846): Agreement between two or more people to commit a drug crime.
    • Possession with Intent to Distribute (21 U.S.C. § 841(a)).
    • Importation/Exportation of Drugs (21 U.S.C. § 952).
    • Operating a Drug House (21 U.S.C. § 856).
    • Using a Communication Facility (21 U.S.C. § 843(b)): Using phones or the internet to facilitate drug crimes.

    Federal Drug Crime Penalties

    OffensePenalty RangeNotes
    Trafficking Schedule I or II Drugs5 to Life (Years)Enhanced penalties for serious bodily injury or death
    Trafficking Marijuana (1,000kg or more)10 to Life (Years)Mandatory minimums apply
    Drug ConspiracySame as underlying offenseNo actual drug possession needed
    Drug House OperationUp to 20 YearsPlus possible civil penalties

    See the full statutes at 21 U.S.C. Part D.


    Top 5 Defenses to Federal Drug Charges

    • Illegal Search and Seizure: Evidence obtained without a valid warrant may be suppressed.
    • Lack of Knowledge or Intent: You must knowingly possess or distribute the substance.
    • Entrapment: You were improperly induced by law enforcement to commit a crime.
    • Insufficient Evidence: Challenging the quantity, type, or possession of drugs.
    • Constitutional Violations: Violations of Miranda rights or due process.

    Frequently Asked Questions About Federal Drug Charges

    FAQ Federal Drug Crime USCA0003
    What makes a drug case “federal” instead of “state”?

    Drug crimes become federal when they involve large quantities, cross state lines, happen on federal property, or involve federal agencies like the DEA.
    Learn more: 21 U.S.C. Part D

    Can I be charged with conspiracy even if I never touched the drugs?

    Yes. Under 21 U.S.C. § 846, simply agreeing to participate in a drug crime—even without handling drugs—can result in the same penalties as if you committed the crime yourself.

    What are mandatory minimum sentences for drug crimes?

    Many federal drug offenses carry mandatory minimum sentences of 5, 10, or even 20 years based on the type and quantity of drug, and prior convictions.
    (See 21 U.S.C. § 841(b))

    What is a “safety valve” in federal sentencing?

    The “safety valve” allows certain non-violent, first-time drug offenders to avoid mandatory minimum sentences under specific conditions.
    (See 18 U.S.C. § 3553(f))

    How quickly should I hire a lawyer after being contacted by federal agents?

    Immediately. Federal agents rarely contact you unless they already have significant evidence. A lawyer can protect your rights and possibly prevent charges from being filed.


    Why Choose Law Office of W F Casey Ebsary Jr?

    ✅ Over 30 years of experience in federal criminal defense
    ✅ Aggressive pre-trial motions to exclude illegal evidence
    ✅ Proven track record of dismissals, acquittals, and favorable plea deals
    ✅ Available 24/7 for emergency consultations

    Your freedom is too important to leave to chance. Let’s fight back together.


    📞 Call 813-222-2220 Now for a Free Confidential USCA0003 Consultation

  • Trafficking Drugs at Tampa International Airport

    Trafficking drugs in today’s complex legal landscape rquires an understanding the nuances of the law. My focus is on providing insightful analysis and understanding of legal matters, particularly those involving controlled substances and evolving legal definitions. The recent case of Pryce M. Campbell v. State of Florida (No. 2D2023-0651), where the distinction between legal hemp and illegal cannabis played a pivotal role, exemplifies the intricacies of these issues. Whether you are navigating similar challenges or simply seeking clarity on legal proceedings, you’ll find valuable information and perspectives here. Connect with me for further inquiries. I have included the complete court ruling at the bottom of this page.


    Are you facing charges for felony possession of cannabis in Hillsborough County, Florida? The legal landscape surrounding cannabis is constantly evolving, and a conviction can have severe consequences. If you’re seeking experienced legal representation, W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. is here to help. With decades of experience in the Florida legal system, I am dedicated to providing aggressive and effective defense strategies tailored to your specific situation. Contact me today at 813-222-2220 for a consultation.

    Trafficking? You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    Trafficking Drugs at Tampa International Airport?

    Why was Campbell arrested?

    Campbell was arrested because police found two large duffle bags in his possession at Tampa International Airport that contained fifty vacuum-sealed bundles of a green, leafy substance. They suspected this substance to be cannabis, and after obtaining a warrant, seized the bags. Subsequent testing of one sample from these bundles confirmed it contained cannabis, leading to his arrest and charges for trafficking in cannabis.

    The Facts

    The Case of Pryce M. Campbell: A Detailed Summary Introduction

    Pryce M. Campbell was arrested and charged with trafficking in cannabis between twenty-five and two thousand pounds. His case, Pryce M. Campbell v. State of Florida (No. 2D2023-0651), was appealed, and the District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District, ultimately reversed his trafficking conviction. The central issue revolved around the sufficiency of evidence presented by the State of Florida to prove the quantity of cannabis involved, especially in light of the legalization of hemp.

    Events at Tampa International Airport

    On July 13, 2022, Tampa International Airport Police Department was conducting narcotics interdiction and monitoring United Flight 314, which arrived from Denver, Colorado. A drug interdiction team, including three detectives and a K-9 unit, was present. After the flight arrived, the K-9 unit performed a “run” on three trailers of luggage. The K-9 “alerted” to two identical large, soft-sided duffle bags. These bags were then placed on the baggage claim conveyor belt. Detectives observed Pryce Campbell claim the two duffle bags. He was stopped by detectives before he could exit the airport and identified himself as the owner of the bags. Campbell was initially allowed to leave, but the detectives seized his two bags and obtained a warrant to search them.

    Discovery and Testing of the Contents

    The following day, after obtaining a warrant, the detectives searched the duffle bags. Inside, they found two large vacuum-sealed packages, each containing twenty-five smaller, identically packaged vacuum-sealed bundles of a green, leafy substance. Each of the larger vacuum-sealed packages weighed 32.57 pounds. Due to suspicion that the substance was cannabis, a sample was taken from two of the smaller bundles, one from each duffle bag, and sent to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) lab for testing. Importantly, a sample was not taken from each of the fifty individual bundles. The lab analyst ultimately tested only one of the samples, which weighed 24.47 grams plus or minus 0.15 grams, and concluded that the substance contained cannabis.

    Arrest and Charges

    Following the positive lab test for cannabis in the single sample, Campbell was called back to the airport and arrested. He was charged with one count of trafficking in cannabis in an amount exceeding twenty-five but less than two thousand pounds. At trial, Campbell testified that he believed the bags contained hemp, which he had purchased in Oregon. He claimed to have bought fifty bundles of hemp for $50 each, stating that purchasing marijuana would have been significantly more expensive.

    Campbell’s defense focused on the argument that the State failed to prove the requisite amount of illegal cannabis for trafficking because only one of the fifty packages was chemically verified as cannabis. He pointed to the changes in Florida and federal law that legalized hemp, arguing that law enforcement was required to chemically test every individually wrapped package to establish the statutory threshold weight for trafficking in a controlled substance.

    The court agreed with Campbell’s argument.The court noted that until July 2019, cannabis was defined to cannabis with a delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration below 0.3 percent—was removed from the definition of marijuana and legalized. The court emphasized that legal hemp and illegal cannabis are indistinguishable by appearance, texture, and odor.

    Therefore, chemical testing to determine the THC content is now necessary to avoid misidentification.Because only one bundle from Campbell’s bags was chemically verified as illegal cannabis, and an inference of illegal cannabis could not be extended to the remaining untested bundles, the State did not establish beyond a reasonable doubt that each of the remaining bundles contained illegal cannabis. As a result, the court concluded that the trial court erred in denying Campbell’s motion for judgment of acquittal for trafficking in cannabis.

    Outcome and Remand

    The court reversed Campbell’s conviction for trafficking in cannabis. However, the court found that the State did establish that Campbell was in possession of illegal cannabis weighing less than twenty-five pounds, based on the 24.47-gram sample from one bundle that tested positive for cannabis. Therefore, the case was remanded to the trial court with directions to reduce Campbell’s conviction to felony possession of cannabis and to resentence him accordingly.

    Implications of the Tampa Airport Drug Trafficking Case

    This case highlights the importance of precise identification and measurement in drug trafficking cases, especially when legal and illegal variants of the same plant exist. It underscores the burden of proof on the State to establish that each package contains illegal cannabis in order to meet the statutory weight threshold for trafficking. Furthermore, it demonstrates how changes in legislation, such as the legalization of hemp, can significantly impact legal proceedings and evidentiary requirements.

    10 Q&A based on the Airport Bust

    Florida Drug Laws: Expert FAQs
    Florida Drug Laws: Expert FAQs
    What was Pryce Campbell’s initial charge?

    Pryce Campbell was initially charged with trafficking in cannabis in an amount exceeding twenty-five but less than two thousand pounds. This charge stemmed from the discovery of two large duffle bags in his possession at Tampa International Airport containing numerous vacuum-sealed bundles of a green, leafy substance. The State believed this substance to be cannabis, leading to his arrest and subsequent charges.

    Why did the police seize Campbell’s luggage at the airport?

    The police seized Campbell’s luggage after a K-9 unit alerted to two identical large, soft-sided duffle bags he claimed at baggage claim, indicating the presence of illicit substances. Though Campbell was initially allowed to leave, the detectives seized his bags and obtained a warrant to search them due to the suspicion of narcotics trafficking. This action was part of a narcotics interdiction operation monitoring flights from Denver, Colorado.

    What was the central issue in Campbell’s appeal?

    The central issue in Campbell’s appeal was whether the State of Florida provided sufficient evidence to prove the quantity of illegal cannabis necessary for a trafficking conviction. Specifically, the question revolved around whether the State needed to test every individual bundle of the green, leafy substance or if testing just a sample was adequate. Campbell argued that the legalization of hemp required testing each bundle to distinguish it from illegal cannabis.

    How did the legalization of hemp affect Campbell’s case?

    The legalization of hemp significantly impacted Campbell’s case because it created a legal substance that is indistinguishable from illegal cannabis by sight, smell, or texture. This meant that law enforcement could no longer rely on these characteristics to identify the substance as illegal cannabis without chemical testing. As a result, the court ruled that each bundle needed to be tested to determine its THC content and legality.

    What was Campbell’s defense at trial?

    At trial, Campbell testified that he believed the bags contained hemp, which he had purchased in Oregon, not illegal cannabis. He claimed to have bought fifty bundles of hemp for $50 each, asserting that purchasing marijuana would have been significantly more expensive. Campbell’s defense hinged on the idea that he was transporting legal hemp, not illegal cannabis, and that the State had failed to prove otherwise.

    What did the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) lab testing reveal?

    The FDLE lab tested only one of the samples from the fifty bundles found in Campbell’s luggage, and that single sample tested positive for cannabis. The lab analyst concluded that the tested sample, which weighed 24.47 grams, contained cannabis, but no other samples were tested. This limited testing became a critical point in Campbell’s appeal.

    How did the court rule on Campbell’s motion for judgment of acquittal?

    The court ruled in favor of Campbell, reversing his conviction for trafficking in cannabis, stating that the State failed to prove the requisite amount of illegal cannabis for trafficking. The court found that since only one bundle was tested and identified as cannabis, the State did not establish beyond a reasonable doubt that each of the remaining bundles was also illegal cannabis. As a result, the trial court erred in denying Campbell’s motion for judgment of acquittal.

    What was the final outcome of Campbell’s case?

    While Campbell’s trafficking conviction was reversed, the court found that the State did establish he was in possession of illegal cannabis based on the one tested sample. Therefore, the case was remanded to the trial court with directions to reduce Campbell’s conviction to felony possession of cannabis and to resentence him accordingly. This meant Campbell was still guilty of possessing cannabis, but not of trafficking it.

    Why was the “Greenwade” exception no longer applicable in Campbell’s case?

    The “Greenwade” exception, which previously allowed for non-chemical identification of marijuana, was no longer applicable because it relied on the assumption that any green, leafy substance with the characteristics of cannabis was illegal. With the legalization of hemp, which is indistinguishable from illegal cannabis, there was an “identifiable danger of misidentification,” thus requiring chemical testing to differentiate between legal and illegal substances. This change in the law invalidated the previous exception.

    What was the significance of the court’s decision regarding the burden of proof?

    The court’s decision emphasized the State’s burden of proof in trafficking cases, particularly when legal and illegal variants of a substance exist. The ruling clarified that the State must establish that each package contains illegal cannabis to meet the statutory weight threshold for trafficking. By requiring chemical testing of each bundle, the court protected the defendant’s presumption of innocence and ensured that the State could not rely solely on appearance and odor to infer illegality.

    What is the legal status of hemp in Florida?

    Based on the case, hemp is legal in Florida. It states that the Florida Legislature enacted the “State hemp program” in July 2019, making the possession of hemp legal. It also clarifies that hemp is defined as cannabis with a delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration below 0.3 percent.


    Given the complexities and evolving nature of drug laws, as seen in the Pryce M. Campbell v. State of Florida case, it’s clear that understanding the nuances of legal definitions and evidentiary standards is essential. Navigating these challenges requires informed guidance and a deep understanding of current legislation.



    If you or someone you know is facing similar legal issues related to controlled substances, or if you simply need clarification on the latest legal developments, don’t hesitate to seek expert advice. Contact W.F. Casey Ebsary, Jr. today for a consultation and ensure you have the knowledge and representation you deserve.\

    Drug Trafficking Court Ruling

  • DRUG2102 POSSESSION OF CANNABIS

    DRUG2102: Navigating Cannabis Possession Charges in Hillsborough County, FL (2025)

    The term “DRUG2102” is a critical identifier for individuals facing cannabis possession charges within the Florida legal system, specifically in Hillsborough County. As the legal landscape around cannabis evolves in 2025, understanding the implications of a DRUG2102 charge is paramount. This designation, tied to Florida Statute 893, signifies possession of cannabis and carries varying penalties based on the quantity involved.

    In drug laws, cannabis possession remains a complex issue in Hillsborough County, Florida. If you’re facing a DRUG2102 charge, you need experienced legal counsel to protect your rights and future. W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., with decades of experience in criminal defense, is here to guide you through this challenging process.

    DRUG2102 Cannabis

    DRUG2102 Cannabis

    Understanding DRUG2102: Possession of Cannabis

    DRUG2102 specifically refers to the Florida statute related to the possession of cannabis. While societal attitudes towards cannabis are shifting, Florida law still treats possession seriously. Understanding the nuances of this charge is crucial for building a strong defense.

    Florida Statutes Chapter 893 governs drug offenses, including cannabis possession. As of 2025, while medical marijuana is legal with a prescription, recreational use remains prohibited. The penalties for possession vary based on the amount of cannabis involved and prior offenses.

    Penalties for Cannabis Possession in Hillsborough County

    The severity of the penalties depends on the amount of cannabis possessed. Here’s a general overview:

    Amount of CannabisOffense LevelPotential Penalties
    Less than 20 gramsMisdemeanorUp to 1 year in jail, $1,000 fine
    20 grams to 25 poundsFelonyUp to 5 years in prison, $5,000 fine
    25 pounds to 2,000 poundsFelonyUp to 15 years in prison, $10,000 fine
    Over 2,000 poundsFelonyUp to 30 years in prison, $25,000 fine

    Factors Influencing Your Case

    Several factors can influence the outcome of your DRUG2102 case:

    • Amount of Cannabis: The quantity of cannabis directly impacts the severity of the charges.
    • Prior Criminal Record: Previous drug offenses can lead to harsher penalties.
    • Circumstances of the Arrest: Illegal search and seizure, lack of probable cause, and other procedural errors can be grounds for dismissal.
    • Proximity to Schools or Parks: Possession near these areas can result in enhanced penalties.
    • Intent to Sell or Distribute: Charges can escalate if there’s evidence of intent to sell.


    Building a Strong Defense with W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr.

    As your attorney, Casey Ebsary will meticulously examine every aspect of your case. He will:

    • Investigate the Arrest: Scrutinize the legality of the search and seizure.
    • Challenge Evidence: Identify any inconsistencies or errors in the prosecution’s case.
    • Negotiate with Prosecutors: Seek reduced charges or alternative sentencing.
    • Represent You in Court: Provide aggressive and effective legal representation.

    Alternative Sentencing and Diversion Programs

    In some cases, alternative sentencing options may be available, such as:

    • Pretrial Intervention Programs: These programs offer rehabilitation and community service in lieu of prosecution.
    • Drug Court: This specialized court focuses on rehabilitation for individuals with substance abuse issues.

    Why Choose W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr.?

    • Extensive Experience: Decades of experience in criminal defense.
    • Personalized Attention: Every case is handled with care and dedication.
    • Aggressive Representation: Fighting for your rights and future.
    • Local Expertise: Deep understanding of the Hillsborough County legal system.

    Contact Casey Ebsary: Your Legal Advocate

    Facing a DRUG2102 charge can be overwhelming. Don’t navigate this alone. Contact W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. today for a confidential consultation.

    DRUG2102 You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    Contact Casey The Lawyer:

    For immediate assistance, please visit the contact page: Contact Casey The Lawyer or call 813-222-2220. Your initial consultation is confidential, and we will discuss your options.

    DRUG2102

    Individuals searching for legal assistance related to DRUG2102 need a seasoned attorney who comprehends the nuances of Florida drug laws. W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., with his extensive experience, provides dedicated legal representation for those charged under DRUG2102. His expertise in Hillsborough County’s courts ensures a robust defense, focusing on challenging evidence, negotiating with prosecutors, and advocating for reduced penalties or alternative sentencing. For those seeking clarity and legal support, understanding the context of DRUG2102 is the first step towards a favorable resolution.

    Helpful Defenses Table

    Potential Defense StrategiesDescription
    Illegal Search and SeizureContesting the legality of how law enforcement obtained the evidence.
    Lack of Probable CauseArguing that there was no valid reason for the initial stop or search.
    EntrapmentClaiming that law enforcement induced the individual to commit the offense.
    Chain of Custody IssuesQuestioning the handling and preservation of evidence.
    Medical NecessityIn cases where medical cannabis use is legal, ensuring compliance with state regulations.

    Cannabis Q&A:

    FAQ Cannabis DRUG2102
    FAQ Cannabis
    What is DRUG2102?

    DRUG2102 refers to the Florida statute related to the possession of cannabis.

    What are the penalties for possessing less than 20 grams of cannabis?

    It’s a misdemeanor, punishable by up to 1 year in jail and a $1,000 fine.

    Can I go to jail for possessing cannabis in Hillsborough County?

    Yes, the severity of the penalties depends on the amount of cannabis and your criminal history.

    What is a pretrial intervention program?

    It’s a program that offers rehabilitation and community service as an alternative to prosecution.

    How can an attorney help with a DRUG2102 charge

    An attorney can investigate your arrest, challenge evidence, negotiate with prosecutors, and represent you in court.

    Is medical marijuana legal in Florida?

    Yes, with a prescription, but recreational use remains illegal as of 2025.

    What should I do if I’m arrested for cannabis possession?

    Remain silent, request an attorney, and do not resist arrest.

    Can prior offenses affect my current cannabis possession charge?

    Yes, prior offenses can lead to harsher penalties.

    What is drug court?

    A specialized court focused on rehabilitation for individuals with substance abuse issues.

    How do I contact W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. for legal assistance?

    A: Visit Contact Casey The Lawyer or call 813-222-2220.

    Drug2Go.com

    2102 W Cleveland St
    Tampa, Florida 33606
    Phone: 813-222-2220
    Email: centrallaw@gmail.com


    Possession of Cannabis

    If you have been charged with DRUG2102 POSSESSION OF CANNABIS you can call a Defense Attorney Tampa at 1-877-793-9290 and tell me your story.

    Form Code: DRUG2102


    Florida Statute: 893.13.6A
    Level: Fel (Felony)
    Degree: 3rd
    Description: POSSESSION OF CANNABIS

    DRUG2102 POSSESSION OF CANNABIS one of the most commonly charged offenses in Hillsborough County, Florida.

     

    Title XLVI CRIMES
    Chapter 893 DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    893.13 Prohibited acts; penalties.

    (6)(a) It is unlawful for any person to be in actual or constructive possession of a controlled substance unless such controlled substance was lawfully obtained from a practitioner or pursuant to a valid prescription or order of a practitioner while acting in the course of his or her professional practice or to be in actual or constructive possession of a controlled substance except as otherwise authorized by this chapter. Any person who violates this provision commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

  • Fentanyl Charges in Hillsborough County, FL


    Facing Fentanyl Charges in Hillsborough County, FL (2025)?

    Facing Fentanyl charges in Hillsborough County demands immediate legal action from a skilled Florida drug defense attorney. Whether accused of Fentanyl possession or the much more severe charge of Fentanyl trafficking, the potential consequences under Florida law are devastating. Mandatory minimum sentences tied to specific weights mean even small amounts can trigger years in prison, making experienced legal counsel essential. The synthetic opioid nature of Fentanyl contributes to its danger and the state’s aggressive prosecution.

    Introduction: The Alarming Rise of Fentanyl Charges in Hillsborough County

    If you or a loved one has been arrested for a Fentanyl-related offense in Hillsborough County, Florida, you are facing one of the most serious legal challenges imaginable. In 2025, Florida law enforcement and prosecutors are aggressively targeting the possession, distribution, and trafficking of Fentanyl due to its extreme potency and devastating impact on communities. A conviction carries severe penalties, including lengthy mandatory minimum prison sentences, substantial fines, and a permanent criminal record that can shatter your future.


    Get Aggressive Defense Now! | W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr.

    The stakes are incredibly high. You need immediate, experienced, and aggressive legal representation from an attorney who understands Florida’s complex drug laws and the specific landscape of the Hillsborough County criminal justice system.

    My name is W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., and I am a criminal defense attorney dedicated to protecting the rights of individuals facing serious drug charges right here in Tampa and throughout Hillsborough County. We understand the fear and uncertainty that accompany a Fentanyl arrest. We are here to provide the powerful defense you need. Don’t face the power of the state alone. Call me immediately at 813-222-2220 for a confidential consultation.

    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    What is Fentanyl and Why is it So Dangerous?

    Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid approved for treating severe pain, typically advanced cancer pain. However, its illicit manufacturing and distribution have caused a public health crisis. According to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Fentanyl is 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine and significantly stronger than heroin. Source: DEA – Fentanyl Facts

    This extreme potency means even microscopic amounts can be lethal. Many individuals arrested for Fentanyl possession or trafficking may not even realize the substance they have contains Fentanyl, as it’s often mixed with other drugs like heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, or pressed into counterfeit pills mimicking prescription opioids or benzodiazepines. This significantly increases the risk of accidental overdose and death. Source: CDC – Fentanyl Facts

    Because of this danger, Florida lawmakers have enacted some of the toughest Fentanyl laws in the nation, focusing on harsh penalties even for relatively small amounts, particularly under trafficking statutes.

    Fentanyl Laws in Florida (2025) – Possession vs. Trafficking

    Florida Statutes Chapter 893 governs drug abuse prevention and control. Understanding the specific charges you face is critical. In Hillsborough County, Fentanyl cases typically fall into two main categories: Possession and Trafficking.

    1. Possession of Fentanyl (Florida Statute § 893.13):
      • It is illegal for any person to be in actual or constructive possession of a controlled substance, including Fentanyl, unless obtained legally via a valid prescription.
      • Actual Possession: The drug is found directly on your person (e.g., in your pocket, hand).
      • Constructive Possession: The drug is found in a place over which you have control (e.g., your car, your room), and you knew it was there and knew it was illicit. Constructive possession cases often involve multiple people and require the prosecution to prove your specific knowledge and control, which can be a key area for defense.
      • Simple possession of any amount of Fentanyl (without intent to sell or traffic) is typically charged as a third-degree felony.
    2. Trafficking in Fentanyl (Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(c)):
      • This is where Florida law becomes exceptionally severe. Trafficking charges are not based on proving an intent to sell or distribute; they are triggered solely by the weight of the mixture containing Fentanyl.
      • The thresholds are alarmingly low, and the penalties include significant mandatory minimum prison sentences, meaning a judge has little to no discretion to sentence below these minimums unless specific legal exceptions apply (like providing substantial assistance or qualifying for a drug court program, which is often difficult in trafficking cases).
      • These are first-degree felonies.

    Understanding Mandatory Minimum Sentences

    Mandatory Minimum Sentences Fentanyl

    Mandatory Minimum

    Sentences Fentanyl

    Mandatory minimum sentences are a cornerstone of Florida’s aggressive stance against Fentanyl trafficking. It’s crucial to understand what they mean:

    • No Judicial Discretion (Generally): If convicted of trafficking based on weight, the judge must impose at least the minimum prison sentence prescribed by law.
    • No Gain Time: Often, mandatory minimum sentences must be served day-for-day, without the possibility of early release through “gain time” that might apply to other sentences.
    • Harsh Reality: Even for first-time offenders, a conviction for trafficking a relatively small amount of Fentanyl mixture can lead to years or even decades in state prison.

    Florida Fentanyl Penalties Table (2025 – Based on Florida Statute § 893.13 & § 893.135)

    OffenseStatuteFelony DegreeMandatory Minimum PrisonMaximum PrisonMaximum Fine
    Possession of Fentanyl (any amount)§ 893.13Third DegreeNone5 Years$5,000
    Sale/Manufacture/Delivery (or Poss w/ Intent)§ 893.13Second DegreeNone15 Years$10,000
    Trafficking in Fentanyl (4g – < 14g)§ 893.135(1)(c)1First Degree3 Years30 Years$50,000
    Trafficking in Fentanyl (14g – < 28g)§ 893.135(1)(c)2First Degree15 Years30 Years$100,000
    Trafficking in Fentanyl (28g or more)§ 893.135(1)(c)3First Degree25 Years30 Years$500,000
    Capital Importation (Specific Circumstances)§ 893.135(1)(d)Capital FelonyLife / Death Penalty
    Murder Resulting from Unlawful Distribution§ 782.04(1)(a)3First Degree MurderLife / Death Penalty

    (Note: This table is for informational purposes. Penalties can be enhanced based on prior record, location of offense (near school/park), use of a firearm, etc. Always consult with an attorney for specifics related to your case.) [Source: Florida Legislature Statutes]


    The Hillsborough County Context: Aggressive Enforcement

    Hillsborough County, encompassing Tampa, Brandon, Plant City, and surrounding areas, is not immune to the Fentanyl crisis. The Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Office (HCSO) and the Tampa Police Department (TPD) work aggressively, often in conjunction with state and federal agencies like the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) and the DEA, to investigate and arrest individuals involved with Fentanyl.

    The State Attorney’s Office for the 13th Judicial Circuit (Hillsborough County) takes these cases extremely seriously. Prosecutors are often instructed to seek stiff penalties, including mandatory minimum sentences, particularly in trafficking cases. They have significant resources and are experienced in building cases involving confidential informants, undercover operations, surveillance, and complex forensic evidence.

    Facing these combined forces without skilled legal counsel is a perilous mistake. You need an attorney who regularly practices in Hillsborough County courts, knows the prosecutors and judges, and understands the specific procedures and tendencies within this jurisdiction.

    Your Rights Matter: What to Do If Arrested for Fentanyl

    If you are stopped, questioned, or arrested for a Fentanyl offense in Hillsborough County, remember these critical points:

    1. Exercise Your Right to Remain Silent: You are not required to answer questions, explain yourself, or make any statements to law enforcement. Politely state, “I am exercising my right to remain silent, and I want to speak with my attorney.” Anything you say can and will be used against you. Don’t try to talk your way out of it; you will likely only make things worse.
    2. Demand an Attorney Immediately: Clearly state that you want a lawyer. Once you invoke this right, police questioning related to the crime should cease until your attorney is present.
    3. Do Not Consent to Searches: Police generally need a warrant, probable cause, or your consent to search you, your vehicle, or your home. Do not give consent. If police claim they have the right to search anyway, do not physically resist, but clearly state, “I do not consent to this search.” This preserves your ability to challenge the legality of the search later.
    4. Be Polite but Firm: Do not argue, resist arrest, or be combative. Comply with lawful commands (like providing identification), but do not volunteer information or consent to searches.
    5. Contact Casey Ebsary Immediately: The sooner you have an experienced attorney involved, the better. Call 813-222-2220. We can intervene early, potentially speak with investigators, represent you at first appearance and bond hearings, and begin building your defense strategy.

    Potential Defenses Against Fentanyl Charges

    An arrest does not automatically mean a conviction. There are numerous potential defenses to Fentanyl possession and trafficking charges. An experienced attorney like Casey Ebsary will thoroughly investigate the facts of your case to identify weaknesses in the prosecution’s evidence and potential violations of your rights. Common defense strategies include:

    • Illegal Search and Seizure: If law enforcement violated your Fourth Amendment rights by searching you, your car, or your property without a valid warrant, probable cause, or another legal exception, the evidence obtained (the Fentanyl) may be suppressed, potentially leading to dismissal of the charges.
    • Lack of Knowledge: The prosecution must prove you knew the substance was present and knew it was illegal. If Fentanyl was found in a shared space (like a car with multiple occupants or a common area of a home) and you were unaware of its presence, this can be a defense.
    • Constructive Possession Issues: In cases where you weren’t in actual possession, the state must prove both knowledge of the drug’s presence and dominion and control over it. We can challenge whether the state can meet this burden.
    • Problems with the Substance: Was the substance properly tested? Was the chain of custody maintained? Were the lab procedures valid? Mistakes in handling or testing evidence can create reasonable doubt.
    • Entrapment: If law enforcement induced you to commit a crime you otherwise wouldn’t have committed, entrapment may be a defense. This is complex and requires specific circumstances.
    • Valid Prescription: While rare for illicit Fentanyl, if you had a legitimate prescription, this is an absolute defense to simple possession.
    • Substantial Assistance: In some trafficking cases, providing significant information to law enforcement about other criminal activity might lead prosecutors to request a waiver or reduction of the mandatory minimum sentence. This is a risky path that should only be considered after careful consultation with your attorney.
    • Challenging the Weight: Since trafficking charges hinge on weight, accurately determining the weight of the mixture containing Fentanyl (not just the pure Fentanyl) is crucial. Defense investigation may challenge the state’s weight measurements.

    Helpful Table: Potential Defense Angles

    Defense CategoryDescriptionPotential Outcome if Successful
    Constitutional RightsIllegal stop, search, seizure; Miranda violations; denial of counsel.Suppression of evidence; Dismissal
    Evidentiary IssuesChain of custody problems; lab errors; insufficient proof of knowledge or possession; challenging weight.Acquittal; Reduced charges
    Factual DefensesAlibi; mistaken identity; drugs belonged to someone else; lack of knowledge/control; valid prescription.Acquittal; Dismissal
    Affirmative DefensesEntrapment; necessity (rare).Acquittal
    Mitigation StrategiesSubstantial assistance; negotiation for lesser charges; drug court eligibility (limited in trafficking).Reduced sentence; Alternative sentence

    Why Choose W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. for Your Hillsborough County Fentanyl Defense?

    When your freedom and future are on the line, you cannot afford to settle for inexperienced or overworked representation. You need a dedicated advocate who will fight tirelessly for you. Here’s why clients choose Casey Ebsary:

    1. Extensive Experience: I have years of experience defending clients against serious drug charges. I defend Complex Fentanyl possession and trafficking cases, in Hillsborough County and throughout Florida.
    2. Local Knowledge: Practicing regularly in the 13th Judicial Circuit means I understand the local court system, the judges, the prosecutors, and the specific approaches taken in Hillsborough County drug cases. This local insight is invaluable.
    3. Aggressive Defense Strategy: We don’t just wait for the prosecution to act. We proactively investigate your case, scrutinize the evidence, file motions to suppress illegally obtained evidence, and prepare meticulously for negotiation or trial.
    4. Client-Focused Approach: We know this is a stressful and terrifying time. We provide personalized attention, keep you informed every step of the way, and are always available to answer your questions and address your concerns. Your case is our priority.
    5. Proven Track Record: While no attorney can guarantee results, we have a history of achieving favorable outcomes for clients facing serious drug charges, including dismissals, reduced charges, avoidance of mandatory minimums, and acquittals at trial.
    6. Understanding the Science: Fentanyl cases often involve complex forensic evidence. We work with experts when necessary to challenge lab reports, weight measurements, and other scientific aspects of the prosecution’s case.

    How Casey Ebsary Can Fight Your Fentanyl Charges:

    • Immediate Intervention: Getting involved early allows us to protect your rights from the outset, potentially influence charging decisions, and argue for reasonable bond conditions.
    • Thorough Investigation: We don’t just rely on the police reports. We conduct our own investigation, interview witnesses, and gather evidence that may support your defense.
    • Challenging Illegal Police Conduct: We meticulously review the circumstances of your arrest, search, and questioning to identify any constitutional violations that could lead to evidence suppression.
    • Negotiating with Prosecutors: Leveraging our knowledge of the law, the facts of your case, and the local system, we negotiate forcefully with the State Attorney’s Office seeking dismissal, reduced charges, or alternatives to incarceration.
    • Fighting Mandatory Minimums: We explore every legal avenue to challenge the applicability of mandatory minimum sentences or seek grounds for departure, including statutory exceptions or substantial assistance agreements (when appropriate and in your best interest).
    • Trial Readiness: If a fair resolution cannot be reached through negotiation, we are experienced trial lawyers ready to vigorously defend you before a judge and jury.

    Drug2Go.com

    2102 W Cleveland St
    Tampa, Florida 33606
    Phone: 813-222-2220
    Email: centrallaw@gmail.com

    Navigating Serious Fentanyl Charges in Hillsborough County, Florida

    Understanding the difference between actual and constructive possession is key, as are the specific weight thresholds for trafficking charges (4g, 14g, 28g). An effective defense attorney serving Hillsborough County will scrutinize every aspect of your case, from the initial stop and search to the forensic testing of the alleged Fentanyl. Potential defenses against drug charges include challenging illegal searches, questioning evidence handling, and disputing the prosecution’s ability to prove knowledge or control.

    Don’t delay; the penalties for Fentanyl convictions are too high. Contacting a lawyer familiar with Hillsborough County courts and Florida statutes regarding Fentanyl is the most crucial step in protecting your rights and future when facing these serious drug crimes. Your choice of defense attorney can significantly impact the outcome of your Fentanyl case.


    Frequently Asked Questions (Q&A) About Fentanyl Charges in Hillsborough County

    FAQ Fentanyl
    FAQ Fentanyl
    What’s the difference between Fentanyl possession and trafficking in Florida?

    Possession generally refers to having a small amount for personal use (a third-degree felony). Trafficking is based purely on the weight of the substance (or mixture containing it) – 4 grams or more – and carries mandatory minimum prison sentences, charged as a first-degree felony. Intent to sell isn’t required for a trafficking charge based on weight.

    I didn’t know the drugs contained Fentanyl. Is that a defense?

    Potentially, but it’s complex. Lack of knowledge can be a defense, but the prosecution may argue you knew you possessed an illicit substance, even if you didn’t know its exact composition. An attorney needs to evaluate the specific facts to see if this defense applies.

    What does “mandatory minimum” really mean for Fentanyl trafficking?

    It means if you are convicted of trafficking based on the weight thresholds (4g, 14g, or 28g+), the judge must sentence you to at least the minimum prison term specified by law (3, 15, or 25 years, respectively), often without the possibility of early release or gain time.

    Can Fentanyl trafficking charges be reduced?

    Possibly. An experienced attorney can negotiate with prosecutors, potentially highlighting weaknesses in the case, constitutional issues, or mitigating factors. Reduction might involve pleading to a lesser offense (like possession with intent) or, in rare cases, qualifying for a departure from the mandatory minimum through substantial assistance or specific statutory exceptions.

    What if the Fentanyl wasn’t mine, but it was found in my car/house?

    This relates to “constructive possession.” The prosecution must prove you knew the Fentanyl was there AND had dominion and control over it. If others had access, or if it was hidden without your knowledge, this can be a strong defense. We would fight to show the state cannot meet its burden of proof.

    Should I talk to the police or detectives investigating my Fentanyl case?

    Absolutely not without your attorney present. Police are trained to gather incriminating evidence. Anything you say can be twisted and used against you. Politely invoke your right to remain silent and your right to counsel. Call Casey Ebsary at 813-222-2220 immediately.

    How much does it cost to hire an attorney for a Fentanyl case?

    Legal fees vary depending on the complexity of the case (possession vs. trafficking, need for experts, potential for trial). We offer a confidential initial consultation to discuss your case and our fee structure, which often involves a flat fee for different stages of representation. Investing in a skilled private attorney is crucial given the severe potential penalties.

    Can I get drug court for a Fentanyl charge in Hillsborough County?

    Eligibility for drug court is often limited, especially for trafficking offenses or if you have a significant prior record. Simple possession cases may have a better chance. We can explore all diversionary programs and alternatives to incarceration for which you might qualify.

    What happens at the first appearance/arraignment for a Fentanyl charge?

    At the first appearance (usually within 24 hours of arrest), the judge determines probable cause and sets bond. At the arraignment, the formal charges are read, and you enter a plea (typically “not guilty” at this stage). Having an attorney present at these early stages is vital.

    Why is hiring a local Hillsborough County attorney like Casey Ebsary important?

    Local attorneys understand the specific procedures, personnel (judges, prosecutors, court staff), and unwritten rules of the Hillsborough County courthouse. This familiarity can be a significant advantage in navigating your case effectively, negotiating plea deals, and presenting your case at trial.



    Take Action Now: Your Future Depends On It

    A Fentanyl charge in Hillsborough County is not something to take lightly or delay addressing. The consequences of a conviction are life-altering. You need to act decisively to protect yourself.

    Contact Casey the Lawyer Today for Immediate Help

    Don’t wait for the prosecution to build its case against you. Reach out to W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. now. You can find detailed contact information, including an online form and office location, on our dedicated contact page: https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/. Visiting this page is the first step towards getting the dedicated legal support you need. We offer confidential consultations to discuss the specifics of your situation, explain your rights, and outline how we can build a strong defense strategy tailored to your unique circumstances. Every moment counts when facing serious charges like Fentanyl possession or trafficking.

    Call to Action: Protect Your Freedom – Call 813-222-2220

    Your freedom, your reputation, and your future are on the line. Don’t gamble with inexperienced representation or try to navigate the complex legal system alone.

    Call W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. right now at 813-222-2220.

    We are available 24/7 to take your call. Schedule your confidential, no-obligation consultation today. Let us put our experience and knowledge of the Hillsborough County courts to work fighting for you.

  • DRUG1904 TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE 28 TO 200 GRAMS

    Facing DRUG1904 Trafficking in Cocaine Charges (28-200g) in Hillsborough County?

    You Need an Experienced Tampa Criminal Defense Attorney Immediately.

    The term DRUG1904 is a specific code likely used by law enforcement and the court system in Hillsborough County, Florida, to categorize arrests and charges related to Trafficking in Cocaine involving quantities between 28 grams and 200 grams. While not part of the official statutory language itself (which is Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(b)1.a.), DRUG1904 serves as shorthand for this very serious first-degree felony charge. If you see DRUG1904 on arrest paperwork, charging documents, or court dockets in Hillsborough County, understand that it signifies you are accused of a crime carrying a possible mandatory minimum sentence of 3 years in prison and a $50,000 fine upon conviction.

    If you or a loved one has been arrested and charged under the designation DRUG1904 TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE 28 TO 200 GRAMS in Hillsborough County, Florida, you are facing a severe first-degree felony with significant mandatory penalties. This is not a charge to take lightly. The time to act is now.

    My name is W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., and I am a dedicated Tampa criminal defense attorney with extensive experience defending individuals against serious drug charges throughout Hillsborough County and the surrounding areas. I understand the fear and uncertainty that comes with a trafficking charge. My goal is to protect your rights, explore every possible defense, and fight for the best possible outcome in your case.


    Don’t delay. Call me directly at 813-222-2220 for a confidential consultation to discuss your specific situation.

    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    Understanding the Charge: DRUG1904 – Trafficking in Cocaine (28g to <200g)

    The designation DRUG1904 corresponds specifically to the charge of Trafficking in Cocaine, involving a quantity of 28 grams or more, but less than 200 grams, under Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(b)1.a. This statute outlines the serious nature of this offense.

    Key Elements the Prosecution Must Prove:

    To secure a conviction for DRUG1904 Trafficking in Cocaine (28g to <200g), the State Attorney’s Office must prove the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt:

    1. Knowledge: You knew the substance you possessed or handled was cocaine or a mixture containing cocaine.
    2. Intent/Action: You knowingly sold, purchased, manufactured, delivered, brought into Florida, OR were in actual or constructive possession of the substance.
    3. Quantity: The amount of cocaine, or the mixture containing cocaine, was 28 grams or more, but less than 200 grams.

    What is “Actual” vs. “Constructive” Possession?

    • Actual Possession: This means the cocaine was physically on your person (e.g., in your pocket, hand, or a bag you were carrying).
    • Constructive Possession: This is more complex. It means the cocaine was not on your person but was in a place over which you had control (or shared control), and you knew it was there, and knew of its illicit nature. Examples include drugs found in your car’s glove box, under your bed, or in a shared living space. Proving constructive possession often requires the prosecution to show evidence linking you directly to the drugs beyond mere proximity. This is a frequent area where defenses can be mounted.

    Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(b)1.a. – The Law:

    The relevant portion of the Florida Statutes clearly states:

    (1) Except as authorized in this chapter or in chapter 499 and notwithstanding the provisions of s. 893.13:

    (b)1. Any person who knowingly sells, purchases, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of cocaine, as described in s. 893.03(2)(a)4., or of any mixture containing cocaine, but less than 150 kilograms [Note: the sub-section addresses the 200g limit] of cocaine or any such mixture, commits a felony of the first degree, which felony shall be known as “trafficking in cocaine,” punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

    a. If the quantity involved: Is 28 grams or more, but less than 200 grams, such person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 3 years, and the defendant shall be ordered to pay a fine of $50,000.

    You can review the full text of Florida Statute § 893.135 directly on the Florida Legislature’s official website: Florida Statute § 893.135 (Note: Always ensure you are viewing the most current version of the statute).


    Severe Penalties for DRUG1904 Conviction in Florida

    A conviction for DRUG1904 Trafficking in Cocaine (28g to <200g) carries mandatory minimum penalties:

    • Mandatory Minimum Prison: Three (3) years in Florida State Prison. The judge must impose this sentence upon conviction unless specific legal exceptions apply (discussed below).
    • Mandatory Minimum Fine: $50,000.

    Beyond these mandatory minimums, a first-degree felony is punishable by:

    • Up to thirty (30) years in prison.
    • Up to $10,000 in additional fines (beyond the mandatory $50,000).
    • Felony probation.

    Long-Term Consequences:

    A felony conviction for drug trafficking creates lifelong obstacles:

    • Permanent Criminal Record: Making it difficult to find employment, secure housing, or obtain professional licenses.
    • Loss of Civil Rights: Including the right to vote (until restored) and the right to own or possess firearms.
    • Driver’s License Suspension: A conviction often triggers a mandatory suspension by the Florida DHSMV.
    • Immigration Consequences: Non-citizens face potential deportation, denial of re-entry, or inability to obtain citizenship.
    • Educational Opportunities: Difficulty getting accepted into colleges or receiving financial aid.
    • Social Stigma: The label of “convicted drug trafficker” can have profound personal and social impacts.

    Given these severe and life-altering consequences, mounting a vigorous defense is critical.


    Defending Against DRUG1904 Cocaine Trafficking Charges

    An arrest is not a conviction. There are numerous potential defense strategies that an experienced criminal defense attorney like myself can explore. Every case is unique, but common defenses in DRUG1904 cases include:

    1. Illegal Search and Seizure: If law enforcement violated your Fourth Amendment rights during the search of your person, vehicle, or home, the evidence obtained (the cocaine) may be suppressed, potentially leading to dismissal. This involves scrutinizing the traffic stop, search warrant validity, or consent given. Explore more about your rights during searches on my website: drug2go.com.
    2. Lack of Knowledge: The prosecution must prove you knew the substance was cocaine. If you were unaware of the drugs’ presence or their illicit nature (e.g., holding a package for someone else without knowing its contents), this can be a defense.
    3. Lack of Possession (Actual or Constructive): Especially in constructive possession cases, we can challenge whether the state can prove you exercised dominion and control over the location where the drugs were found and knew they were there. Mere proximity to drugs is not enough for a conviction.
    4. Insufficient Quantity: The state must prove the weight was 28 grams or more. We can challenge the weighing procedure, the calibration of the scales, or whether the entire mixture weight should count if it contains non-illicit substances.
    5. Entrapment: If law enforcement induced you to commit a crime you otherwise would not have committed, this may be a defense.
    6. Substantial Assistance: Florida law allows for potential avoidance or reduction of mandatory minimum sentences if a defendant provides “substantial assistance” in the identification, arrest, or conviction of other individuals involved in drug trafficking. This is a complex area requiring careful negotiation.
    7. Misidentification: Challenging eyewitness accounts or confidential informant reliability.
    8. Chain of Custody Issues: Challenging how the alleged drugs were handled, stored, and tested by law enforcement and the crime lab.

    Developing the right defense strategy requires a thorough investigation of the facts, analysis of the police reports, witness interviews, and understanding of the specific procedures used by law enforcement agencies like the Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Office or the Tampa Police Department.


    Understanding “DRUG1904” in Hillsborough County

    Facing a DRUG1904 charge requires immediate action. Because DRUG1904 represents a high-level felony with mandatory penalties, securing experienced legal representation familiar with Hillsborough County courts and prosecutors is crucial. Defenses against DRUG1904 often involve challenging the legality of the stop or search, questioning the evidence of possession (especially constructive possession), disputing the weight or identity of the substance, or exploring potential mitigation strategies like substantial assistance. Do not underestimate the severity of a DRUG1904 designation; it demands a robust defense strategy from the outset. Contact W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. at 813-222-2220 immediately if you are facing a DRUG1904 charge in Hillsborough County.


    Why Choose W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. for Your Defense?

    When your freedom and future are on the line, you need an attorney who understands the stakes and knows how to navigate the complexities of the Florida criminal justice system, particularly within Hillsborough County.

    • Experience: I have years of experience specifically prosecuting and defending serious drug trafficking cases like DRUG1904.
    • Local Knowledge: Practicing extensively in Hillsborough County means I am familiar with the local courts, judges, prosecutors, and law enforcement procedures. This local insight is invaluable.
    • Aggressive Representation: I am committed to fighting vigorously for my clients, challenging the prosecution’s case at every turn.
    • Personalized Attention: You will work directly with me, Casey Ebsary. I ensure my clients understand the process and are involved in their defense strategy.
    • Proven Results: While no attorney can guarantee an outcome, I have a track record of achieving favorable results for clients facing serious charges. Explore my main site for more information about my practice: drug2go.com.

    Contact Casey Ebsary Today – Your First Step Towards Defense

    If you or someone you know has been charged with DRUG1904 TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE 28 TO 200 GRAMS in Hillsborough County, the time to consult with an attorney is immediately. Do not speak to law enforcement without legal representation. Anything you say can be used against you.

    Call me, W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., directly at 813-222-2220.

    You can also reach out through my website. Please visit my Contact Casey the Lawyer page for more ways to get in touch. There you will find a secure contact form where you can provide details about your situation. Submitting information through the contact form or calling initiates a confidential consultation where we can discuss the specifics of your DRUG1904 charge and how I can help build your defense. Don’t wait for the prosecution to build its case – start your defense strategy now.

    FAQ DRUG1904
    FAQ DRUG1904

    Frequently Asked Questions (Q&A) about DRUG1904 Cocaine Trafficking (28-200g)

    What exactly is DRUG1904?

    DRUG1904 is a code likely used by Hillsborough County law enforcement/courts for the charge of Trafficking in Cocaine (28g to <200g) under Florida Statute § 893.135(1)(b)1.a. It signifies a first-degree felony with mandatory penalties.

    What are the mandatory minimum penalties for DRUG1904?

    Upon conviction, the mandatory minimum sentence is 3 years in prison and a $50,000 fine.

    Can I get bail if charged with DRUG1904?

    Bail (bond) is possible but often set high for trafficking charges due to their severity. Factors include flight risk, community ties, and prior record. An attorney can argue for a reasonable bond at your first appearance hearing.

    What if the drugs weren’t mine, but they were found in my car/house?

    This involves the concept of “constructive possession.” The prosecution must prove you knew the drugs were there and had control over them. Simply being present isn’t enough. This is a critical area for defense.

    Does the 3-year mandatory sentence mean I’ll only serve 3 years?

    The 3-year sentence is the minimum the judge must impose upon conviction. The maximum sentence for this first-degree felony is 30 years. The actual sentence depends on many factors, but it cannot be less than 3 years without specific legal exceptions.

    Can the charges be reduced or dismissed?

    Yes, depending on the facts. Defenses like illegal searches, lack of evidence, or issues with proving possession or quantity can lead to reduced charges (e.g., simple possession) or complete dismissal. Negotiation or providing substantial assistance are other potential avenues.

    What is “substantial assistance”?

    This involves cooperating with law enforcement to help them investigate or prosecute others. If the State Attorney agrees you provided substantial assistance, they can request the judge waive or reduce the mandatory minimum sentence. This requires careful legal guidance.

    Should I talk to the police if arrested for DRUG1904?

    No. You have the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney. Politely state that you wish to exercise these rights and do not answer any questions without your lawyer present. Anything you say can be used against you.

    How much does it cost to hire an attorney for a DRUG1904 case?

    Legal fees vary based on the complexity of the case. I offer a confidential initial consultation to discuss your case and my fees. Defending against a serious felony like trafficking is an investment in your future. Contact me at 813-222-2220 to discuss.

    Why do I need a lawyer specializing in criminal defense for a DRUG1904 charge?

    Drug trafficking laws are complex, the penalties are severe, and the procedures are specific. An experienced criminal defense attorney understands the nuances of the law, potential defenses, negotiation strategies, and the local court system (especially Hillsborough County). This specialized knowledge is essential for protecting your rights and achieving the best possible outcome.


    Drug2Go.com

    2102 W Cleveland St
    Tampa, Florida 33606
    Phone: 813-222-2220
    Email: centrallaw@gmail.com


    Cocaine Trafficking 28 – 200 Grams

    If you have been charged with DRUG1904 TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE   28 TO 200 GRAMS you can call a Tampa Criminal Defense Attorney at 1-877-793-9290 and tell me your story.

    Form Code: DRUG1904


    Florida Statute: 893.135.1B1A
    Level: Fel (Felony)
    Degree: 1st

    Description: TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE   28 TO 200 GRAMS
    DRUG1904 TRAFFICKING IN COCAINE   28 TO 200 GRAMS is often charged in Hillsborough County, Florida.
    Title XLVI CRIMES
    Chapter 893 DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    893.135 Trafficking; mandatory sentences; suspension or reduction of sentences; conspiracy to engage in trafficking.

    (1) Except as authorized in this chapter or in chapter 499 and notwithstanding the provisions of s. 893.13:

    (b)1. Any person who knowingly sells, purchases, manufactures, delivers, or brings into this state, or who is knowingly in actual or constructive possession of, 28 grams or more of cocaine, as described in s. 893.03(2)(a)4., or of any mixture containing cocaine, but less than 150 kilograms of cocaine or any such mixture, commits a felony of the first degree, which felony shall be known as “trafficking in cocaine,” punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. If the quantity involved:

    a. Is 28 grams or more, but less than 200 grams, such person shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 3 years, and the defendant shall be ordered to pay a fine of $50,000.


    Florida Standard Jury Instruction:



    25.11 TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS
    § 893.135(1)(c), Fla. Stat.
     
                Certain drugs and chemical substances are by law known as “controlled substances.” (Specific substance alleged) or any mixture containing (specific substance alleged) is a controlled substance.
     
                To prove the crime of Trafficking in Illegal Drugs, the State must prove the following four elements beyond a reasonable doubt:
     
                1.         (Defendant) knowingly
     
                                        [sold]
                                        [purchased]
                                        [manufactured]
                                        [delivered]
                                        [brought into Florida]
                                        [possessed]
     
                            a certain substance.
     
    2.         The substance was [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)] [a mixture containing [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [herion] [(specific substance alleged)]].
     
    3.         The quantity of the substance involved was 4 grams or more.
     
                See State v. Dominguez, 509 So. 2d 917 (Fla. 1987).
    4.         (Defendant) knew that the substance was [[morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)] [a mixture containing [morphine] [opium] [oxycodone] [hydrocodone] [hydromorphone] [heroin] [(specific substance alleged)]].
     
                If applicable under the facts of the case and pursuant to § 893.135(2), Fla. Stat., the following bracketed language should be given instead of element 4 above.  For example, if it is alleged that the defendant intended to sell heroin but actually sold (specific substance alleged), the alternate element 4 would be given.
    [4.        (Defendant) intended to [sell] [purchase] [manufacture] [deliver] [bring into Florida] [possess] (an enumerated controlled substance in § 893.135(1), Fla. Stat.), but actually [sold] [purchased] [manufactured] [delivered] [brought into Florida] [possessed] (specific substance alleged) or a mixture containing (specific substance alleged).]
     
                Definitions.  Give as applicable.
                Sell.
                “Sell” means to transfer or deliver something to another person in exchange for money or something of value or a promise of money or something of value.
     
                Manufacture.  § 893.02(13)(a), Fla. Stat.
                “Manufacture” means the production, preparation, packaging, labeling or relabeling, propagation, compounding, cultivating, growing, conversion or processing of a controlled substance, either directly or indirectly.  Manufacturing can be by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis. It can also be by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis.
     
                Deliver.  § 893.02(5), Fla. Stat.
                “Deliver” or “delivery” means the actual, constructive, or attempted transfer from one person to another of a controlled substance, whether or not there is an agency relationship.
     
                Possession.
                To “possess” means to have personal charge of or exercise the right of ownership, management, or control over the thing possessed.
     
                Possession may be actual or constructive.
     
                Actual possession means:
     
    a.         The controlled substance is in the hand of or on the person, or
     
    b.         The controlled substance is in a container in the hand of or on the person, or
     
    c.         The controlled substance is so close as to be within ready reach and is under the control of the person.
     
                Give if applicable.
                Mere proximity to a controlled substance is not sufficient to establish control over that controlled substance when it is not in a place over which the person has control.
     
                Constructive possession means the controlled substance is in a place over which the (defendant) has control, or in which the (defendant) has concealed it.
     
                In order to establish constructive possession of a controlled substance if the controlled substance is in a place over which the (defendant) does not have control, the State must prove the (defendant’s) (1) control over the controlled substance and (2) knowledge that the controlled substance was within the (defendant’s) presence.
     
                Possession may be joint, that is, two or more persons may jointly possess an article, exercising control over it. In that case, each of those persons is considered to be in possession of that article.
     
                If a person has exclusive possession of a controlled substance, knowledge of its presence may be inferred or assumed.
     
                If a person does not have exclusive possession of a controlled substance, knowledge of its presence may not be inferred or assumed.
     
                Knowledge of the illicit nature of the controlled substance.  Give if applicable.  § 893.101(2) and (3), Fla. Stat.
                Knowledge of the illicit nature of the controlled substance is not an element of the offense of (insert name of offense charged).  Lack of knowledge of the illicit nature of a controlled substance is an affirmative defense.  (Defendant) has raised this affirmative defense.  However, you are permitted to presume that (defendant) was aware of the illicit nature of the controlled substance if you find that (defendant) was in actual or constructive possession of the controlled substance.
     
                If from the evidence you are convinced that (defendant) knew of the illicit nature of the controlled substance, and all of the elements of the charge have been proved, you should find (defendant) guilty.
     
                If you have a reasonable doubt on the question of whether (defendant) knew of the illicit nature of the controlled substance, you should find (defendant) not guilty.
     
                See State v. Weller, 590 So. 2d 923 (Fla. 1991).
                If you find the defendant guilty of Trafficking in Illegal Drugs, you must further determine by your verdict whether the State has proved beyond a reasonable doubt that:
     
                Enhanced penalty.  Give if applicable up to extent of charge.
    a.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 4 grams or more but less than 14 grams.]
     
    b.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 14 grams or more but less than 28 grams.]
     
    c.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 28 grams or more but less than 30 kilograms.]
     
    d.         [The quantity of the substance involved was 30 kilograms or more.]
     
    Lesser Included Offenses
     
    TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS — 893.135(1)(c)1 and 2
    CATEGORY ONE
    CATEGORY TWO
    FLA. STAT.
    INS. NO.
    Trafficking offenses requiring lower quantities of illegal drugs
     
    893.135(1)(c)1
    25.11
     
    Attempt (but not conspiracy), except when delivery is charged
    777.04(1)
    5.1
     
    If sale, manufacture or delivery is charged
    893.13(1)(a)
    25.2
     
    If purchase is charged
    893.13(2)(a)
     
     
    Bringing same illegal drug as charged into state
    893.13(5)
     
     
    Possession of same illegal drug
    893.13(6)(a)
     
     
    Comment
     
    This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 1985 [477 So. 2d 985], 1987 [509 So. 2d 917], 1989 [543 So. 2d 1205], 1997 [697 So. 2d 84], and 2007 [969 So. 2d 245].  See also SC03-629 [869 So. 2d 1205 (Fla. 2004)].
  • DRUG1300 POSSESSION OF COCAINE WITH INTENT TO SELL OR DISTRIBUTE

    Facing DRUG1300 Charges in Hillsborough County? Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell Defense (Updated for 2025)

    An arrest for Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell or Distribute in Florida, often logged under the code DRUG1300 in Hillsborough County criminal records, is a charge that demands immediate and serious attention. This is not a minor offense; it’s a felony that carries the potential for lengthy imprisonment, crippling fines, and a permanent mark on your record that can derail your future prospects for employment, housing, professional licenses, and even basic civil rights like voting or owning a firearm.

    If you or someone you know is facing a DRUG1300 charge in Tampa, Plant City, or anywhere within Hillsborough County, you are likely feeling overwhelmed, scared, and uncertain about what comes next. The State Attorney’s Office prosecutes drug crimes aggressively. You need a defense attorney who understands the specific nuances of Florida drug law as outlined in the official statutes, knows the local court system, and is prepared to fight vigorously to protect your rights and your future.

    My name is W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., and I am a Tampa-based criminal defense attorney. For years, I have dedicated my practice to defending individuals against serious felony charges, including Possession with Intent to Sell Cocaine (DRUG1300). I understand the stakes are high, and I am committed to providing a strategic, aggressive defense tailored to the specific facts of your case.


    Don’t face the power of the State alone. Call me, Casey Ebsary, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at 813-222-2220 for a free, confidential consultation to discuss your DRUG1300 charge.


    Understanding Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell (DRUG1300) Under Florida Law

    The core statute governing this offense is Florida Statute § 893.13(1)(a) This law explicitly states that, except as authorized, it is unlawful for any person to “sell, manufacture, or deliver, or possess with intent to sell, manufacture, or deliver, a controlled substance.”  

    Cocaine is explicitly listed as a Schedule II controlled substance under Florida Statute § 893.03(2)(a)4. While simple possession of cocaine is itself a felony, the allegation that you intended to sell, manufacture, or deliver it significantly increases the severity of the charge and the potential penalties.

    What the Prosecution Must Prove Beyond a Reasonable Doubt:

    For the Hillsborough County State Attorney to secure a conviction for Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell (DRUG1300) under F.S. § 893.13(1)(a), they carry the burden of proving all of the following elements:

    1. Knowing Possession: The accused knowingly had possession of the substance. Possession can be:
      • Actual Possession: The substance was found on the person’s body, in their hand, or in a container in their hand or pocket – essentially, within immediate physical control.
      • Constructive Possession: The substance was not on the person but was located in a place over which the accused exercised dominion and control (e.g., their car, their room), the accused knew the substance was present, and the accused knew of the illicit nature of the substance. Proving constructive possession can be complex, especially if multiple people had access to the location where the drugs were found.
    2. Identification of Substance: The substance possessed was, in fact, cocaine. This typically requires chemical analysis by a state crime lab.
    3. Intent to Sell, Manufacture, or Deliver: The accused possessed the cocaine not merely for personal use, but with the specific purpose of distributing it to others. This is often the most heavily contested element in DRUG1300 cases.

    Inferring “Intent to Sell”: How Prosecutors Build Their Case

    Direct evidence of intent to sell (like a recorded confession or a witnessed sale) is uncommon. Therefore, prosecutors typically rely on circumstantial evidence to convince a judge or jury of the accused’s intent. Common factors they point to include:

    • Quantity of Cocaine: Possessing an amount larger than what is typically considered for personal use (though Florida Statute § 893.135 establishes specific trafficking weights starting at 28 grams, even amounts less than this can be argued as intent to sell based on other factors).
    • Packaging: Cocaine divided into multiple, smaller, individually wrapped packages (e.g., small baggies, vials) consistent with street-level sales.
    • Presence of Drug Paraphernalia Associated with Sales: Items like digital scales, cutting agents (substances used to dilute cocaine), ledgers or records documenting transactions, and large sums of cash, especially in small denominations.
    • Absence of User Paraphernalia: The lack of items typically associated with personal cocaine consumption (like pipes, straws, or rolled bills).
    • Location: The arrest taking place in an area known by law enforcement for high drug trafficking activity.
    • Statements/Communications: Text messages, phone calls, or statements overheard by officers or witnesses that suggest drug dealing.
    • Firearms: The presence of firearms alongside the drugs can sometimes be used to imply protection of a drug-selling operation.

    A skilled defense attorney scrutinizes each piece of circumstantial evidence the State presents, challenging its interpretation and presenting alternative, innocent explanations where applicable to combat the allegation of intent.

    Penalties for Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell in Florida (as of 2025)

    According to Florida Statute § 893.13(1)(a)1, Possession of Cocaine (as a Schedule II substance under F.S. 893.03) with Intent to Sell, Manufacture, or Deliver is classified as a Felony of the Second Degree. Per Florida’s general sentencing statutes F.S. § 775.082 and F.S. § 775.083 , potential penalties include:

    • Prison: A term of imprisonment not exceeding fifteen (15) years.
    • Probation: Up to fifteen (15) years of supervised probation.
    • Fines: A fine not exceeding $10,000.
    • Driver’s License Suspension: A mandatory minimum 6-month suspension/revocation of driving privileges upon conviction, pursuant to Florida Statute § 322.055 .
    • Permanent Felony Record: A felony conviction carries significant lifelong consequences, affecting rights and opportunities regarding employment, housing, firearm ownership, voting, and professional licensing.

    Aggravating Factors Leading to Harsher Penalties:

    Florida law specifies circumstances that can significantly increase the severity of the charge and potential penalties:

    • Proximity to Specific Locations: Under F.S. § 893.13(1)(c)-(f) , committing the offense (selling, manufacturing, delivering, or possessing with intent) within 1,000 feet of a school (between 6 a.m. and midnight), childcare facility, park, community center, place of worship, assisted living facility, public housing facility, or college/university elevates the crime to a Felony of the First Degree.
      • A first-degree felony is punishable by up to thirty (30) years in prison (F.S. § 775.082(3)(b), and a fine of up to $10,000 .
      • Certain offenses under this subsection, particularly near schools or childcare facilities, carry mandatory minimum prison sentences of 3 years.
    • Prior Convictions (Habitual Offender Laws): If you have prior felony convictions, the State may seek enhanced penalties under Florida Statute § 775.084 . Depending on the nature and timing of previous convictions, you could face significantly longer prison sentences and potential mandatory minimum terms as a Habitual Felony Offender (HFO) or Habitual Violent Felony Offender (HVFO).
    • Trafficking Thresholds: Possessing 28 grams or more of cocaine or any mixture containing cocaine automatically triggers Florida’s harsh drug trafficking laws F.S. § 893.135, . This is a separate, more serious first-degree felony charge carrying mandatory minimum prison sentences and extremely high fines, regardless of actual intent to sell:
      • 28g to < 200g: Minimum 3 years prison + $50,000 fine.
      • 200g to < 400g: Minimum 7 years prison + $100,000 fine.
      • 400g to < 150kg: Minimum 15 years prison + $250,000 fine.

    Important Note on Sentencing: Florida uses a Criminal Punishment Code (CPC) scoresheet to guide sentencing. Factors like the primary offense level, additional offenses, victim injury (rare in these cases but possible), and the defendant’s prior record generate points. A certain point threshold mandates a state prison sentence unless the judge finds grounds for a downward departure. An experienced attorney understands the scoresheet system and can argue for mitigating factors or departure grounds.

    Understanding the Charge Code: DRUG1300

    If you or a loved one has been arrested in Hillsborough County and reviewed the arrest affidavit or court documents, you might encounter the specific designation DRUG1300. What exactly does this alphanumeric code signify? DRUG1300 is an internal code frequently utilized by law enforcement agencies and the court system within Hillsborough County (and potentially neighboring jurisdictions) to specifically categorize the charge of Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell, Manufacture, or Deliver. It corresponds directly to the offense outlined in Florida Statute § 893.13(1)(a) when the controlled substance involved is cocaine, classified under Schedule II.

    While “DRUG1300” isn’t part of the official statutory language itself, it acts as a critical shorthand for police, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and court clerks navigating the criminal justice system. Seeing DRUG1300 on paperwork confirms that the State is alleging more than simple possession; they believe they have evidence indicating an intent to distribute. Understanding this code helps clarify the precise nature and severity of the charge you are facing—a second-degree felony with significant potential penalties.


    Therefore, searching for defenses against a DRUG1300 charge means seeking effective legal strategies to combat allegations of Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell within the specific context of the Hillsborough County legal environment. Given the serious consequences linked to DRUG1300, prompt action is essential. At the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr., we are familiar with how DRUG1300 cases are handled locally and are prepared to build a robust defense. If this code appears in your case, contact us immediately at 813-222-2220.

    DRUG1300 You can contact the Law Office of W.F. "Casey" Ebsary Jr. for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/). tel:+18132222220
    You can contact the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. tel:+18132222220 for a free consultation by calling 1-877-793-9290 or by filling out our online contact form. (https://drug2go.com/contact-casey-the-lawyer/).

    Potential Defenses to Possession of Cocaine with Intent (DRUG1300)

    Just because you’ve been arrested doesn’t mean you will be convicted. A knowledgeable criminal defense attorney can identify and assert various defenses to challenge a DRUG1300 charge. Some potential avenues include:

    • Illegal Search and Seizure: The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches. If police stopped your vehicle without reasonable suspicion, searched your home without a valid warrant (or a valid exception to the warrant requirement), or otherwise violated your constitutional rights, the cocaine and any other evidence seized might be suppressed. A successful motion to suppress can gut the prosecution’s case.
    • Lack of Possession (Actual or Constructive): Can the State definitively link the cocaine to you?
      • Constructive Possession Challenges: If drugs were found in a car with passengers, a shared apartment, or another area where multiple people had access, the State must prove you had knowledge of the drugs’ presence and the ability to exercise dominion and control over them. Mere proximity is often insufficient.
      • Actual Possession Challenges: Was the item truly “on your person”? Was the discovery procedure lawful?
    • Lack of Knowledge: The State must prove you knew the substance was cocaine. If you reasonably believed it was something else, or if it was hidden in your belongings by someone else without your awareness, this could be a defense.
    • No Intent to Sell: This is frequently the core battleground. Arguments can include:
      • The quantity possessed was consistent with personal use, not distribution.
      • Lack of typical distribution indicators (no scales, baggies, large cash amounts, ledgers, incriminating messages).
      • Evidence of personal use (presence of user paraphernalia).
    • Problems with the Evidence:
      • Chain of Custody: Any breaks or inconsistencies in how the alleged cocaine was handled, stored, and transported from seizure to the lab can cast doubt on its integrity.
      • Lab Testing: Challenging the methodology or results of the crime lab’s analysis. Was the substance definitively identified as cocaine? Was the weight accurate (especially crucial near trafficking thresholds)?
    • Entrapment: If law enforcement officers or their agents improperly induced or persuaded you to commit a crime that you were not otherwise predisposed to commit.
    • Issues with Confidential Informants (CIs): Cases built on CI testimony are often vulnerable. A defense attorney will investigate the CI’s reliability, motivation (deals for testimony?), and potential biases, as well as whether police properly corroborated the CI’s information.
    • Florida’s 911 Good Samaritan Act F.S. § 893.21, This law provides limited immunity from arrest, charging, and prosecution for certain possession offenses (and paraphernalia) for individuals who, acting in good faith, seek medical assistance for someone (including themselves) experiencing a drug or alcohol overdose. Eligibility depends on specific circumstances.

    Developing the right defense strategy requires a detailed analysis of your unique case facts. I will explore every possible angle. Visit my website for more general information on drug crime defense.

    Potential Resolutions Beyond Trial

    While preparing a robust defense for trial is crucial, many cases are resolved before reaching a jury. Depending on the specific facts, the strength of the evidence, your criminal history, and negotiation, potential alternative resolutions include:

    • Dismissal of Charges: If critical evidence is suppressed due to constitutional violations, or if the prosecution cannot meet its burden of proof, charges may be dismissed outright or dropped via a “nolle prosequi.”
    • Reduced Charges: Negotiating a plea agreement where you plead guilty or no contest to a less serious offense, such as simple Possession of Cocaine (a third-degree felony) or even misdemeanor paraphernalia, resulting in lesser penalties.
    • Pre-Trial Intervention (PTI) or Drug Court: For eligible individuals (often first-time offenders or those with limited prior records), these diversion programs focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment. Successful completion typically leads to the dismissal of the charges. Admission usually requires approval from the State Attorney’s Office.
    • Withholding Adjudication: In some plea agreements, the judge may agree to withhold adjudication of guilt. While you still face penalties (like probation), avoiding a formal felony conviction can prevent the loss of certain civil rights and may be less damaging for future employment or licensing.
    • Probation: A sentence involving supervision in the community instead of prison, often with conditions like drug testing, counseling, community service, and fines.

    Why You Need W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. for Your Hillsborough County DRUG1300 Defense

    Facing a felony drug charge like Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell demands experienced legal counsel familiar with local practices. Here’s why you should consider my firm:

    • Local Hillsborough County Experience: I practice regularly in the Thirteenth Judicial Circuit Court in Tampa. I am familiar with the local State Attorney’s office policies, the judges, and the specific procedures used in Hillsborough County drug cases.
    • Deep Knowledge of Florida Drug Laws: I was a Hillsborough County Drug Prosecutor and constantly monitor changes in statutes, case law (court decisions), and sentencing guidelines relevant to drug offenses.
    • Aggressive & Strategic Defense: I believe in a proactive defense. I will thoroughly investigate the State’s case, identify weaknesses, file appropriate motions (like Motions to Suppress or Dismiss), and aggressively advocate for your rights, whether in negotiations or in the courtroom.
    • Direct Attorney Contact: When you hire my firm, you work directly with me, Casey Ebsary. I prioritize clear communication, ensuring you understand the legal process, your options, and the status of your case.
    • Focus on Favorable Outcomes: My goal is always to achieve the best possible result for you, whether that means fighting for a complete dismissal, negotiating a significantly reduced charge, securing entry into a diversion program, or winning an acquittal at trial.
    • Available 24/7: I understand that legal emergencies require immediate attention. My phone line (813-222-2220) is open 24/7.

    25 Year Old Warrant Review

    Jim M

    On Google

    Review Summary

    Had I not found Casey and his team, I would have been extradited from Tennessee to Florida on a 25 year old warrant. Casey and his team got my charges dropped and the warrant cancelled. They were compassionate, diligent in their work, and did their homework on my case. If you need an attorney, Casey is AAA+++.
    Jim M.

    5

    Frequently Asked Questions (Q&A) about Possession of Cocaine with Intent (DRUG1300)

    FAQ DRUG1300

    What’s the main difference between simple possession and DRUG1300 in Florida?

    Simple possession (usually a 3rd-degree felony) is possessing cocaine for personal use. DRUG1300 (Possession with Intent, a 2nd-degree felony) requires the State to prove you intended to sell, make, or deliver it. Penalties are much higher for DRUG1300.

    Can I be charged with intent (DRUG1300) even if I didn’t actually sell anything?

    Yes. The charge is based on intent, not a completed sale. Prosecutors use circumstantial evidence (quantity, packaging, scales, etc.) to try and prove that intent.

    What if the cocaine wasn’t mine or I didn’t know it was in my car/house?

    This involves defenses like Lack of Knowledge or challenging Constructive Possession. The State must prove you knew about the drugs and had control over them. If multiple people had access, it complicates the State’s case.

    Is there a specific amount of cocaine that automatically triggers a DRUG1300 charge?

    Below the 28-gram trafficking threshold, there’s no set amount. Any quantity can support an intent charge if other factors (packaging, scales) are present. However, larger amounts make the State’s argument easier.

    What if police found scales or baggies but only a small amount of cocaine?

    Police will likely still charge DRUG1300 based on the paraphernalia. However, a defense attorney can argue the amount is consistent with personal use and challenge the inference of intent based solely on the items.

    Does a DRUG1300 conviction always mean prison?

    Not automatically, unless mandatory minimums apply (e.g., trafficking weight, gun enhancement, certain location enhancements under F.S. § 893.13. However, as a 2nd-degree felony scoring under the Criminal Punishment Code, prison is a significant risk, especially with a prior record. Your attorney’s goal is to avoid prison through dismissal, acquittal, reduced charges, or alternative sentencing.

    What are the first things I should do if arrested for DRUG1300?

    Politely but firmly state you wish to remain silent and want an attorney. Do not answer police questions, consent to searches, or make any statements without counsel present. Contact W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. at 813-222-2220 immediately.

    Can Casey Ebsary get my DRUG1300 charge reduced or dismissed?

    While no attorney can guarantee results, my goal is always to seek the best possible outcome. This often involves fighting for dismissal via motions, negotiating favorable plea deals to lesser charges (like simple possession), or securing acquittal at trial. Success depends on the specific facts and evidence.

    How does “constructive possession” work in Florida?

    It applies when drugs aren’t on your person. The State must prove (1) you knew the drugs were there, (2) you knew they were illegal, and (3) you had “dominion and control” over the place where they were found (e.g., your car, your bedroom).

    Will a DRUG1300 charge suspend my driver’s license?

    Yes. If adjudication is not with held, Under F.S. § 322.055 any conviction for a drug offense, including DRUG1300, results in a mandatory minimum 6-month driver’s license revocation by the Florida DHSMV.


    Don’t Delay – Protect Your Future Today

    A charge of Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell or Distribute (DRUG1300) in Hillsborough County is a serious legal battle with potentially devastating consequences. You need a defense lawyer who will stand by your side, fight for your rights, and pursue every legal avenue to protect your freedom and future.

    Do not wait. Evidence can disappear, witness memories can fade, and the prosecution is already building its case. The sooner you have an experienced attorney involved, the stronger your defense can be.

    Call the Law Office of W.F. “Casey” Ebsary Jr. right now at 813-222-2220. We are available 24/7 to take your call and provide a free, confidential consultation.

    Contact Us for a Confidential Consultation

    If you prefer to reach out online, please visit our dedicated contact page. You can send a secure message detailing your situation, and we will get back to you promptly. We understand the sensitive nature of these charges and assure you of complete confidentiality. Find our contact form and other contact details here.


    Legal Citations (Official Florida Statutes Links):

    • Florida Statute § 893.13 (Prohibited acts; penalties):
    • Florida Statute § 893.03 (Controlled substance schedules):
    • Florida Statute § 893.135 (Trafficking offenses):
    • Florida Statute § 775.082 (Penalties; imprisonment):
    • Florida Statute § 775.083 (Penalties; fines):
    • Florida Statute § 775.084 (Habitual felony offenders):
    • Florida Statute § 322.055 (Driver’s license suspension for drug offenses):
    • Florida Statute § 893.21 (Drug-related overdose; medical assistance immunity):
    Possession Cocaine Intent Distribute

    If you have been charged with DRUG1300 POSSESSION OF COCAINE WITH INTENT TO SELL OR D (Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell or Distribute) you can call a Tampa Criminal Defense Lawyer at 1-877-793-9290 and tell me your story.

    Form Code: DRUG1300    
    Florida Statute: 893.13.1A
    Level: Fel (Felony)
    Degree: 2nd
    Description: POSSESSION OF COCAINE WITH INTENT TO SELL OR D (Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell or Distribute)

    DRUG1300 POSSESSION OF COCAINE WITH INTENT TO SELL OR D (Possession of Cocaine with Intent to Sell or Distribute) one of the most commonly charged offenses in Hillsborough County, Florida.

    Title XLVI CRIMES
    Chapter 893 DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    893.13 Prohibited acts; penalties.

    (1)(a) Except as authorized by this chapter and chapter 499, it is unlawful for any person to sell, manufacture, or deliver, or possess with intent to sell, manufacture, or deliver, a controlled substance. Any person who violates this provision with respect to:
     
    1. A controlled substance named or described in s. 893.03(1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(d), (2)(a), (2)(b), or (2)(c)4., commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
     
    2. A controlled substance named or described in s. 893.03(1)(c), (2)(c)1., (2)(c)2., (2)(c)3., (2)(c)5., (2)(c)6., (2)(c)7., (2)(c)8., (2)(c)9., (3), or (4) commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
     
    3. A controlled substance named or described in s. 893.03(5) commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
     
    (b) Except as provided in this chapter, it is unlawful to sell or deliver in excess of 10 grams of any substance named or described in s. 893.03(1)(a) or (1)(b), or any combination thereof, or any mixture containing any such substance. Any person who violates this paragraph commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
     
    (c) Except as authorized by this chapter, it is unlawful for any person to sell, manufacture, or deliver, or possess with intent to sell, manufacture, or deliver, a controlled substance in, on, or within 1,000 feet of the real property comprising a child care facility as defined in s. 402.302 or a public or private elementary, middle, or secondary school between the hours of 6 a.m. and 12 midnight, or at any time in, on, or within 1,000 feet of real property comprising a state, county, or municipal park, a community center, or a publicly owned recreational facility. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “community center” means a facility operated by a nonprofit community-based organization for the provision of recreational, social, or educational services to the public. Any person who violates this paragraph with respect to:
     
    1. A controlled substance named or described in s. 893.03(1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(d), (2)(a), (2)(b), or (2)(c)4., commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. The defendant must be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of 3 calendar years unless the offense was committed within 1,000 feet of the real property comprising a child care facility as defined in s. 402.302.
     
    2. A controlled substance named or described in s. 893.03(1)(c), (2)(c)1., (2)(c)2., (2)(c)3., (2)(c)5., (2)(c)6., (2)(c)7., (2)(c)8., (2)(c)9., (3), or (4) commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
     
    3. Any other controlled substance, except as lawfully sold, manufactured, or delivered, must be sentenced to pay a $500 fine and to serve 100 hours of public service in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law.

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